Theusageof ingform Theusageof ingform表示主动的或正在进行的动作或状态 Attribute 定语 ObjectComplement 宾语补足语 Subject 主语 Predicative 表语 Object 宾语 Adverbial 状语 Walkingisgoodforeveryone 2 Ourjobisplayingallkindsofmusic 3 Weshallappreciatehearingfromyouagain 4 Doyouknowtheboylyingunderthetree 5 Peoplecometothemeparks lookingforexcitement 6 Onthehill hesawsmokerisingfromthechimneys 主语 表语 宾语 定语 状语 宾补 A 作定语 单个 ing形式一般放在被修饰的名词之前而 ing短语一般放在被修饰的名词之后 1 Thisamusingstorymadeuslaugh 2 Thegirlcomingtodinnertonightisafamousfilmstar 1 坐在我旁边的女孩默默地看着我 Thegirl lookedatmeinsilence 2 Therewasacarcameintheotherdirection 3 Wecan tattendthemeetingheldnowaswe reverybusy sittingbesideme coming 当表示正在被完成的动作时可用beingdone 修饰名词时往往后置 Thebuildingbeingbuiltnowisourgymnasium 体育馆 being 当表示已经被完成和将要被完成的动作时可用done和tobedone Thisisthebuildingbuiltlastyear They vedesignedthebuildingtobebuiltnextyear B 作宾语补足语1 感官动词see lookat notice watch observe catch feel find smell hear listento o doing2 have get o doing3 keep leave o doing4 with o doing do done do get o todo done done adj adv prep phrase done todo adj adv prep phrase 被动 beseentodo doing done 1 Iheard 他在唱歌 whenIpassedhishouse 2 Turnoffthelights Don tleavethem 亮着 allnightlong 3 Acookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfound inthekitchen a smokeb smokingc tosmoked smoked himsinging b burning on C 作主语和表语1 区别doing和todo作主语和表语时的不同2 doing和todo作主语时谓语动词用单数3 固定句型 Itisnouse gooddoing 4 注意 ed式形容词和 ing式形容词作表语和定语时的区别 1 Insomecountries nod one shead mean no nodding means 2 teach isquiteinteresting 3 teach somanylittlekidsinsuchasmallroomtodaywillreallymakemeconfused Teaching Toteach shock excite invite encourage disappoint1 Itis towatchtheworld stopsoccerplayersplayinChina 2 Iwas whenIheardaboutyouraccident 3 Thefathermusthavesaidsomething becausetheboyfinallygotupandmadeagoodspeech 4 Hesaidina voicethathewouldleaveatonce 5 Thefooddidn tlookvery Itwasnotworththemoney shocked exciting inviting encouraging disappointed 4 Wewere inthe story 有趣的 interested interesting D 作宾语 ing形式及其复合结构可以放在动词 介词 短语之后 1 固定的动词之后 avoid appreciate finish mind 2 固定短语之后 giveup keepon beworth feellike 3 remember forget regret mean try like dislike love stop goon can thelp之后加doing和todo区别 1 Youcanshowyourwelcometosomeoneby shake handswithhimorher 2 Ifeellike 休息 Wouldyoumind 我坐这儿 3 Iremember 把书还给你了 4 Shestronglydislikedspokentolikethat shaking takingarest my mesittinghere returningthebooktoyou being E 作状语的用法 在句子中表示时间 条件 伴随 结果 原因等 1 当主句中的谓语动词和 ing短语中动词所表示的动作同时发生时 用 ing形式 否定式为notdoing2 ing短语中动词所表示的动作发生在主句的谓语动词所表示的动作之前 用havingdone形式 被动用havingbeendone 否定式为nothaving been done3 ing形式作状语时 其逻辑主语通常为主句的主语4 从属连词 动词的 ing形式 动词的过去分词 when while once although unless since whenever until asif Arrivinghome shefoundthedoorlocked Havingfailedtheexam henolongerplayedcomputergames Notknowingwhattodo youradviceisimportanttome Whilereadingtheletter shecried 1 Hestoodattheschoolgateandgreetedthenewstudents 2 Aftershewastoldthatherdaughtergotsick shewenttotheschooltotakeherhome 3 Lookingonthetopofthehill a therewerelotoftallbuildingsb lotsoftallbuildingswereseenc Isawalotoftallbuildingsd ourcitylookedverybeautiful 4 当在看这部感人的电影时 当被问到为什么偷窃时 她忍不住哭了 Hestoodattheschoolgate greetingthenewstudents Havingbeentoldthatherdaughtergotsick shewenttotheschooltotakeherhome When she Whenseeingthemovingfilm askedwhyshestole shecouldn thelpcrying C V ing形式的复合结构是在该形式前加上动作的发出者 多为形容词性物主代词或名词所以格 这一复合结构常在句中作主语和宾语 作主语时 在句首需用名词所有格形式 如果不出现在句首可用代词的宾格或名词的普通格代替 1 Victorapologizedfor toinformmeofthechangeintheplan A hisbeingnotaleB himnottobeableC hisnotbeingableD himtobenotable2 themeetinghimselfgavethemagreatdealofencouragement A ThepresidentwillattendB thepresidenttoattendC thepresidentattendedD thepresident sattending3 Thediscoveryofnewevidenceledto A thethiefhavingcaughtB catchthethiefC thethiefbeingcaughtD thethieftobecaught