Preview1 Listen to the recording of the text and Choose the statement that best reflects your understanding.1. D 2. D 3. D 4. BVocabulary1 Become familiar with the rule of word formation. 1 Give the corresponding nouns for the following verbs.11. improvement2. endurance3. success4. allowance5. supply6. provision7. cultivation8. nourishment9. fulfillment10. attempt11. elimination12. refusal 2 Give the corresponding verbs for the following nouns.1. garden2. fertilize3. mix4. liberate5. require6. fail7. endure8. alternate9. result10. satisfy 3 Translate the following expressions. Point out which ing form is a gerund and which a present participle.1. 一家建筑公司（gerund）2. 缺少一个环节（present participle）3. 一个动人的故事（present participle）4. 阅读技能（gerund）5. 一件泳衣（gerund）6. 落日（present participle）7. 起居（gerund）室8. 睡美人（present participle）9. 安眠药片（gerund）10. 乏味的讲演/报告（present participle）11. 饮用水（gerund）12. 流血的鼻子（present participle）13. 藏身之处（gerund）14. 太笼统/绝对的话（present participle）15. 狩猎的季节（gerund）16. 最后的润色（gerund）17. 指导原则（present participle）18. 下个星期（present participle）19. 颤抖的双腿（present participle）20. 一张渔网（gerund）21. 一根手杖（gerund）22. 现有的制度（present participle）23. 饮食习惯（gerund）24. （比萨）斜塔（present participle）25. 一个有前途的学生（present participle）26. 正在增长的人口（present participle） 4 Compare the following expressions and translate them into Chinese.1. 发展中国家；发达国家2. 正在落下的树叶；落下的树叶3. 正在沸腾的水；开水4. 正在退败的战斗；一场败仗2 Complete the following verb + collocations or expressions. 1. have/get/show/produce/achieve2. have/take/accept/show/bear/assume 3. discuss/debate/raise/settle/confuse/avoid 4. pursue/have/develop 5. have/make/lose/avoid 6. face/lives/time/money/trouble 7. roots/chairs/hats/coats/gloves/shoes/bandages/make-up/doubts 8. land9.enemies/rivals/opponents/suspects/errors 10. oil/cars/cotton/results/a movie 11. care/time/money/experience/patience/courage 12. the dead/treasure/past/head 13. plants/children/animals/relationship 14. meetings/appointments/time/place/books/flowers/business affairs3 Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the expressions listed below. 1. cut out, removed/cut out, from 2. provides/supplies, with 3. brought back 4. ask, permission 5. empty 6. take, in, through trial and error 7. read, into 8. at great length, providing, with 9. in some ways, at heart4 Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions or adverbs. 1. in 2. up 3. away 4. way 5. out 6. up 7. out 8. up 9. with5 Translate the following sentences into English. 1. 如果他们拒绝归还这些小岛，他们两国的关系就不能完全正常化。If they refused to give back these small islands, the two countries would not be able to normalize their diplomatic relations completely. 2. 我知道放弃这个机会十分愚蠢，但我别无选择。I know that it is stupid to give up this opportunity, but I have no other choice/alternative. 3. 由于缺少公众的支持，白宫最后退让了。For lack of public support, the White House had to give in at last. 4. 要一下子消灭毒品不可能，但现在世界上每年都有几百万以上的人成功地戒了烟。It may not be possible to eliminate drugs all at once/immediately/at one go, but now there are millions of people throughout the world who succeed in kicking the habit of cigarette smoking every year. 5. 我们已经和对方代表联系。我们已安排不久在厦门会面，讨论双方有兴趣的重要问题。We have already made contact with the representatives of the other side and arranged to meet in Xiamen before long to discuss important issues we are both interested in. 6. 有一天，那座新楼突然倒塌，楼里很多人都被埋了。One day, that new building suddenly gave way/collapsed/fell down, burying many people under it. 7. 爱情是要双方培养的，而真正的爱表现在给予而不是在获取上。Love requires nourishment from both sides, and true love is in the giving, not in the taking. 8. 奶奶的健康已有改善，她就开始把她的财产分发给她的亲戚朋友。As soon as Grandmas health improved, she began to give out her belongings to her folks and friends.9. 一种长久的友好关系要求双方都十分真诚。It requires perfect honesty on both sides to cultivate a lasting/an enduring friendly relationship. 10. 据称，今年的经济计划已经完成，国内市场也非常繁荣。It is announced that our economic plan this year has been fulfilled and our domestic/home market has also been flourishing.6 Rewrite the following sentences, replacing the phrases in bold type with words and expressions from the text. 1. the prison authorities informed us/announced, manual labor would end, arrange 2. pursue my two favorite hobbies 3. If you want to survive the prison, try to develop ways to take satisfaction 4. fulfilled 5. asked them for permission to, refused, offering a reason 6. a miner at heart 7. provided/supplied me with seeds, regret giving me permission to, once, garden began to flourish, provided, warders with 8. not until I was behind bars, tend 9. at great length, what she read into 10. hardy plants, My favorite7 Translate the following sentences, paying attention to the words in bold type which may have different