专题五文化教育型阅读 专题五文化教育型阅读理解 专题五 专题导读 文化教育类阅读理解的文章属高考常选材料之一 它以中西文化差异作为选材的重点 常涉及文化 教育 法制 宗教等方面的文学艺术 发明创造 文化遗产保护 宗教与文化 风俗与习惯 道德与法制 中外文学名著节选 各国学校教育 家庭教育等 重视语言和文化的关系 阅读材料更多地涉及社会文化背景知识 因此 要通过阅读更多地了解并丰富自己的社会文化背景知识 专题五 专题导读 这类材料的命题点往往在主旨大意题 事实细节题上 在做这类阅读理解题时 应注意以下几个方面 1 采用先题后文 先读题目 再带着问题读文章 这类阅读理解文章相对来说事实细节题稍多一些 如果带着问题读文章 有利于我们抓细节 2 先做细节题 因为做完了局部性的事实细节题后 自然会加深我们对文章的理解 这样更有利于做主旨大意题 3 重点敲定主旨题 主旨大意题提问的形式主要有两大类 一类是Mainidea型 一类是Topic或Title型 专题五 真题典例 2011 广东卷 Candogsandcatsliveinperfectharmonyinthesamehome Peoplewhoarethinkingaboutadoptingadogasafriendfortheircatareworriedthattheywillfight Arecentresearchhasfoundanewrecipeforsuccess Accordingtothestudy ifthecatisadoptedbeforethedog andiftheyareintroducedwhenstillyoung lessthan6monthsforcats ayearfordogs itishighlyprobablethatthetwopetswillgetalongswimmingly Two thirdsofthehomesinterviewedreportedapositiverelationshipbetweentheircatanddog 专题五 真题典例 However itwasn tallsweetnessandlight Therewasareportedcoldnessbetweenthecatanddogin25 ofthehomes whileaggressionandfightingwereobservedin10 ofthehomes Onereasonforthisisprobablythatsomeoftheirbodysignalsarejustopposite Forexample whenacatturnsitsheadawayitsignalsaggression whileadogdoingthesamesignalssubmission Inhomeswithcatsanddogslivingpeacefully researchersobservedasurprisingbehavior Theyarelearninghowtotalkeachother slanguage Itisasurprisethatcatscanlearnhowtotalk Dog anddogscanlearnhowtotalk Cat 专题五 真题典例 What sinterestingisthatbothcatsanddogshaveappearedtodeveloptheirintelligence Theycanlearntoreadeachother sbodysignals suggestingthatthetwomayhavemoreincommonthanwaspreviouslysuspected Oncefamiliarwitheachother spresenceandbodylanguage catsanddogscanplaytogether greeteachothernosetonose andenjoysleepingtogetheronthesofa Theycaneasilysharethesamewaterbowlandinsomecasesgroom 梳理 eachother Thesignificanceofthisresearchoncatsanddogsmaygobeyondpets topeoplewhodon tgetalong includingneighbors colleaguesatwork andevenworldsuperpowers Ifcatsanddogscanlearntogetalong surelypeoplehaveagoodchance 专题五 真题典例 1 TheunderlinedwordswimminglyinParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto A earlyB sweetlyC quicklyD smoothly 2 Somecatsanddogsmayfightwhen A theyarecoldtoeachotherB theylookawayfromeachotherC theymisunderstandeachother ssignalsD theyareintroducedatanearlyage 3 Whatisfoundsurprisingaboutcatsanddogs A Theyeatandsleeptogether B Theyobserveeachother sbehaviors C Theylearntospeakeachother slanguage D Theyknowsomethingfromeachother svoices 专题五 真题典例 4 ItissuggestedinParagraph4thatcatsanddogs A havecommoninterestsB arelessdifferentthanwasthoughtC haveacommonbodylanguageD arelessintelligentthanwasexpected 5 Whatcanwehumanbeingslearnfromcatsanddogs A Weshouldlearntoliveinharmony B Weshouldknowmoreaboutanimals C Weshouldliveinpeacewithanimals D Weshouldlearnmorebodylanguages 专题五 真题典例 解析 本文是一篇说明文 通过科学研究表明猫和狗在一定的情况下是能够和平相处的 而他们不能和平相处是由他们误解了彼此的身势语而造成的 但有趣的是猫和狗能够相互学习彼此的身势语 这样他们就能和平相处 1 D词义猜测题 由第一段 Arecentresearchhasfoundanewrecipeforsuccess 可知猫和狗也可以平静友好地相处 因此意义最接近的是D项 2 C细节理解题 根据第二段 whileaggressionandfightingwereobservedin10 ofthehomes Onereasonforthisisprobablythatsomeoftheirbodysignalsarejustopposite 可知选C 专题五 真题典例 3 C细节理解题 根据文章第三段 Inhomeswithcatsanddogslivingpeacefully researchersobservedasurprisingbehaviour Theyarelearninghowtotalkeachother slanguage 可知选C 4 B细节理解题 根据文章第四段中的 Theycanlearntoreadeachother sbodysignals suggestingthatthetwomayhavemoreincommonthanwaspreviouslysuspected 可知选B 5 A推理判断题 根据文章的最后一段可知 专题五 新题预测 一 Afewyearsago ItookasightseeingtriptoWashington D C StandingoutsidetheRonaldReaganCenter Iheardavoicesay Canyouhelpme WhenIturnedaround Isawanelderlyblindwomanwithherhandextended 伸展 Inanaturalreflex 反射 Ireachedintomypocket pulledoutallofmyloosechangeandplaceditonherhandwithoutevenlookingather Iwasannoyedatbeingbotheredbyabeggar Buttheblindwomansmiledandsaid Idon twantyourmoney Ijustneedhelpfindingthepostoffice 专题五 新题预测 Inaninstant IrealizedwhatIhaddone IjudgedanotherpersonsimplyforwhatIassumedshehadtobe IhatedwhatIsawinmyself Thisincidentreawakenedmybeliefinhumility 谦恭 eventhoughI dlostitforamoment ThethingIhadforgottenaboutmyselfisthatIamanimmigrant 移民 IleftHondurasandarrivedintheU S attheageof15 Istartedmynewlifewithtwosuitcases mybrotherandsister andastrong serious mindedmother Throughtheyears Ihavebeenadishwasher mechanicandpizzadeliverydriveramongmanyotherhumble 卑微的 jobs andeventuallyIbecameanetworkengineer 专题五 新题预测 Inmyownlife Ihaveexperiencedmanyopenactsofprejudice Irememberatime atage17 Iworkedasawaiter andIheardafathertellhislittleboythatifhedidnotdowellinschool hewouldenduplikeme Ihavealsowitnessedthesametreatmentofmyfamilyandfriends soIknowwhatit slike andIshouldhaveknownbetter Butnow livinginmyAmericanmiddle classlifestyle itistooeasytoforgetmypast toforgetwhoIamandwhereIhavebeen andtolosesightofwhereIwanttobegoing ThatblindwomanonthestreetsofWashington D C curedmeofmyblindness Sheremindedmeofmybeliefinhumilityandtoalwayskeepmyeyesandheartopen Bytheway Ihelpedthatladytothepostoffice Andinwritingthisessay Ihopetothankherforthepricelesslesso