单击此处编辑母版标题样式 单击此处编辑母版文本样式第二级第三级第四级第五级 2020 4 25 1 DiseasesoftheDigestiveSystem DepartmentofPathologyPekingUniversityHealthScienceCenter 单击此处编辑母版标题样式 单击此处编辑母版文本样式第二级第三级第四级第五级 2020 4 25 2 Thedigestivesystem ThegastrointestinaltractTheliverandthebiliarytractThepancreas 单击此处编辑母版标题样式 单击此处编辑母版文本样式第二级第三级第四级第五级 2020 4 25 3 Theliverandthebiliarytract ViralhepatitisAlcoholicliverdiseaseCirrhosisPrimarycarcinomaoftheliverCholecystitisCholelithiasis gallstones 4 ThelargestparenchymalorganinthebodyProcessesdietarynutrientsSynthesisofserumproteinsDetoxification excretionofendogenouswasteproductsandpollutantxenobiotics Anatomyandfunctions 单击此处编辑母版标题样式 单击此处编辑母版文本样式第二级第三级第四级第五级 2020 4 25 5 Normalhistology 单击此处编辑母版标题样式 单击此处编辑母版文本样式第二级第三级第四级第五级 2020 4 25 6 Itocell 单击此处编辑母版标题样式 单击此处编辑母版文本样式第二级第三级第四级第五级 2020 4 25 7 Normalhistology 单击此处编辑母版标题样式 单击此处编辑母版文本样式第二级第三级第四级第五级 2020 4 25 8 Generalresponsesofthelivertoinjuries CelldegenerationandcelldeathInflammationRegenerationFibrosisandcirrhosis 9 Degeneration BallooningdegenerationAcidophilicdegenerationSteatosis accumulationoffatdropletsMicrovesicularsteatosisMacrovesicularsteatosis 单击此处编辑母版标题样式 单击此处编辑母版文本样式第二级第三级第四级第五级 2020 4 25 10 NecrosisandApoptosis AccordingtothenatureofcelldeathLyticnecrosis mostcommonCoagulativenecrosisApoptotosis Acidophilic Councilmanbody 单击此处编辑母版标题样式 单击此处编辑母版文本样式第二级第三级第四级第五级 2020 4 25 11 AccordingtodistributionSpotty focalnecrosis Piecemeal necrosis interfacehepatitisBridgingnecrosisSubmassivenecrosisMassivenecrosis NecrosisandApoptosis 单击此处编辑母版标题样式 单击此处编辑母版文本样式第二级第三级第四级第五级 2020 4 25 12 NecrosisincitesinflammatoryreactionCytotoxiclymphocytesattackantigen expressinglivercellsLymphocytescollectintheportaltractKupffercellsengulfapoptoticcells Inflammation 单击此处编辑母版标题样式 单击此处编辑母版文本样式第二级第三级第四级第五级 2020 4 25 13 RegenerationHepatocellularregenerationDuctalreactionKupffercellandHSCsWhenhepatocelluarnecrosisoccursandleavestheconnectivetissueframeworkintact almostperfectrestitutionoftheliverstructurecanoccur 单击此处编辑母版标题样式 单击此处编辑母版文本样式第二级第三级第四级第五级 2020 4 25 14 FibrosisandcirrhosisResponsetoinflammationordirecttoxicinsulttotheliverDepositionofcollagenGenerallyirreversible 单击此处编辑母版标题样式 单击此处编辑母版文本样式第二级第三级第四级第五级 2020 4 25 15 Infectionofthelivercausedbyagroupofviruseshavingaparticularaffinityfortheliver HepatitisAHepatitisBHepatitisCHepatitisDHepatitisE ViralHepatitis 16 HepatitisAvirus Asmall naked single strandedRNApicornavirusFecal oraltransmissionIncubationperiod 15 45dNochronichepatitisNocarrierstateLifetimeprotectiveimmunity FromRobbins BasicPathology 7thedition 单击此处编辑母版标题样式 单击此处编辑母版文本样式第二级第三级第四级第五级 2020 4 25 17 DoublestrandedDNAvirus HepatitisBvirus 单击此处编辑母版标题样式 单击此处编辑母版文本样式第二级第三级第四级第五级 2020 4 25 18 Transmission bloodandbodyfluidsVertical mothertoneonateHorizontal transfusion dialysis drugabuse sexIncubationperiod 4 26wks 单击此处编辑母版标题样式 单击此处编辑母版文本样式第二级第三级第四级第五级 2020 4 25 19 FromRobbins BasicPathology 7thedition 单击此处编辑母版标题样式 单击此处编辑母版文本样式第二级第三级第四级第五级 2020 4 25 20 HepatitisCvirus Asmall single strandedRNAviruswithenvelopeTransmission parenteral transfusion sexual vertical Themostfrequentcauseoftransfusion mediatedhepatitisIncubationperiod 2to26wks 单击此处编辑母版标题样式 单击此处编辑母版文本样式第二级第三级第四级第五级 2020 4 25 21 Frequentlyprogressestochronicliverdisease FromRobbins BasicPathology 7thedition HepatitisCvirus 单击此处编辑母版标题样式 单击此处编辑母版文本样式第二级第三级第四级第五级 2020 4 25 22 ClinicalSyndromes AnumberofclinicalsyndromesmaydevelopfollowingexposuretohepatitisvirusesAsymptomaticinfection serologicevidenceonlyCarrierstate withoutapparentdisease withsubclinicalchronichepatitisAcutehepatitis anictericorictericChronichepatitis withorwithoutprogressiontocirrhosisFulminanthepatitis withmassivetosubmassivehepaticnecrosis 单击此处编辑母版标题样式 单击此处编辑母版文本样式第二级第三级第四级第五级 2020 4 25 23 Viralhepatitis ThecarrierstateHarboroneofthevirusesbutsufferfewornoadverseeffectsHavenonprogressiveliverdamagebutareessentiallyfreeofsymptomsordisabilityHBVandHCVcanproducea HDV notclearHAVandHEV no 单击此处编辑母版标题样式 单击此处编辑母版文本样式第二级第三级第四级第五级 2020 4 25 24 Anyoneofthehepatotropicvirusescancausesymptomaticacuteviralhepatitis althoughuncommonforacuteHCVinfection Thediseasecanbedividedintofourphases AnincubationperiodAsymptomaticpreictericphaseAsymptomaticictericphaseConvalescenceClinicalfeaturesNausea vomiting fever diarrhea jaundiceMildlyenlargedtenderliverElevatedserumaminotransferaseClinicalcourse 6mon Acuteviralhepatitis 单击此处编辑母版标题样式 单击此处编辑母版文本样式第二级第三级第四级第五级 2020 4 25 25 Morphologyofacuteviralhepatitis MacroscopicappearanceSlightlyenlargedandgreen dependingonthedegreeofjaundiceandthestageofthediseaseIll definedareasthatarepaleyellow hemorrhagicandgranularonthecutsurface 单击此处编辑母版标题样式 单击此处编辑母版文本样式第二级第三级第四级第五级 2020 4 25 26 MicroscopicfindingsCelldegeneration ballooning withspottynecrosis piecemealnecrosisandoccasionalbridgingnecrosisKupffercellhyperplasiaandhypertrophyHepatocyteregenerationduringtherecoveryphaseInflammatoryinfiltrationintheportaltracts predominatelymononuclearcells 单击此处编辑母版标题样式 单击此处编辑母版文本样式第二级第三级第四级第五级 2020 4 25 27 Chronicviralhepatitis Asymp