Period 4 Grammar 学习目标 1 动词不定式和动词的 ing 形式的用法 2 动词不定式和动词的 ing 形式的区分及在语句中的运用 3 利用例句归纳出语法规则 学习重点 动词不定式和动词的 ing 形式的用法 学习难点 利用例句归纳出语法规则 课前预习 使用说明与学法指导 1 利用例句归纳出语法规则 2 15分钟之内完成 教材助读 例句欣赏 1 Pop art aimed to show ordinary twentieth century city life 2 Instead picture should attempt to show the life of its subject 3 I can get tired of looking at pictures all the time 4 My parents are fond of going to art galleries 5 The artist finished drawing a horse in five minutes 6 They succeeded in crossing the river 预习自测 用所给词的适当形式填空 1 it with me should be a good choice Trust me leave 2 The fruit fresh in his fruit stand sells well look 3 in a well known university is what everybody wishes for educate 4 I can t go fishing with you because I have a lot of clothes wash 5 I feel greatly honoured into their society welcome 我的疑问 课内探究 质疑探究 动词不定式和动词的 ing形式 动词不定式和动名词句法功能比较一览表 功能 主 语表语宾语定语状语 不定式 动名词 一 作主语 一般来说 动名词表示客观性 一般性的行为 不定式则表示一次性 具体性的行为 To clean the classroom is his job today 他今天的工作是打扫教室 Walking is a good way to keep healthy 散步是保持健康的一种好方法 注意 1 不定式或动名词短语作主语时 谓语动词用单数 2 不定式或动名词短语作主语时 常用 it作为形式主语置于句首 常用不定式作主 语的句型有 It s easy important necessary for sb to do It skind friendly polite careless rude brave of sb to do 常 用动名词作主语的句型有 It s no good use fun doing sth There is no use need doing sth It s worthwhile doing sth 二 作表语 1 不定式作表语可以说明主语的具体内容或表示目的 His teaching aim of this class is to train the students speaking ability 他这节课的教学目的是要训练学生说的能力 2 动名词作表语是对主语内容的解释 这时主语与表语位置可以互换 动名词常用于口语 Its full time job is laying eggs Laying eggs is its full time job 它 蚁后 的专职工作是产卵 三 作宾语 1 只跟v ing作宾语的动词和动词短语有 enj oy excuse escape practise miss mind avoi d admit risk finish imagine keep suggest can t help put off give up be worth等 I miss being with my family 我很怀念与家人在一起 的日子 助记允许考虑二建议 忙于坚持多练习 承认喜欢多盼望 否认拖延可原谅 避免错过莫放弃 完成冒险没逃避 2 常用不定式作宾语的动词和动词短语有 hope wish expect agree learn fail decide plan promise refuse manage offer would like love等 My English teacher promised to lend some books to me 我的英语老师答应借给我一些书 My mother refused to go there with us 我妈妈拒绝和我们一起去那里 助记三个希望两答应 两个要求莫拒绝 设法学会做决定 不要假装在选择 3 有些动词既跟v ing形式又跟动词不定式作宾语 意思几乎是一样的 没什么差别 begin start continue等词后 既可以跟不定式 又可以跟动名词作宾语 但其后如是 see understand realize等时 一般用不定式 He continued to borrow borrowing money from his boss 他接二连三地向老板借钱 注意 1 love like hate prefer等之后 用不定式表示某一具体动作或情况 一般在 其前加 would 或 should 用动名词表示一般性动作 如爱好或习惯 I like skating 我喜欢滑冰 I like to skate today 我今天想去滑冰 2 need demand want require等在表示 需要 时 用动名词的主动形式表被动 或 用不定式的被动形式 但动名词形式更常见 The car needs repairing 这辆汽车需要修理 The wall needs to be painted The wall needs painting 墙壁需要粉刷了 4 有些动词既可跟v ing形式又可跟动词不定式 但意思截然不同 动词to do sth doing sth remember 记住要做 记得做过 forget 忘记了要做 忘记了做过 try 努力做 试着做 mean 想要做 意味着 stop 停下来去做 停止做 go on 接着再做 不同的事 继续做 同一件事 regret 遗憾做 后悔做了 can t help不能帮忙做 情不自禁做 Judy always remembers to lock the door 朱蒂总是记得要锁门 I remembered seeing the Alps for the first time 我还能记得第一次看见阿尔卑斯山的情景 四 作宾语补足语 不定式可以表示一次性 具体性的行为 以及将来意义的行为 现在分词可以表示当时正在 发生的行为 亦可表示一个持续时间的延续性的行为动作 1 以下动词后跟不定式作宾语补足语 ask tell beg allow want like hate force invite persuade advise order cause encourage wait for call on permit forbid 等 The doctor advised him to stay in bed for another few days 医生嘱咐他再卧床休息几天 2 有些动词后的宾语补足语在主动语态中用不带to 的不定式 但用于被动语态时 所接补 语不定式要保留to 这些动词有see watch notice hear feel make let have 等 We noticed him enter the house 我们留意到他进了那所房子 He was made to finish the task on time 他被要求按时完成任务 当堂检测 1 It s no use that you didn t know the rules 2013 衡水模拟 A you pretend B you to pretend C of you to pretend D your pretending 2 Does Shelly like shopping Well she would rather spend time at home than in the street 2013 北京模拟 A read wander B reading wander C in reading to wander D reading to wander 3 You shouldn t have treated me that way My heart is broken I m sorry Paul I didn t mean you 2013 淄博一模 A hurting B to hurt C hurt D having hurt 4 The boy the teachers considered was caught in the exam which surprised us very much 2013 长沙模拟 A to be the best cheating B as the best student to cheat C being the best cheating D as a good student to cheat 5 in the leg made it impossible for me to walk as fast as usual 2013 龙 岩检测 A Being injured B To be injured C Having injured D Injured 课后反思 课后训练 单项填空 1 I remembered the door before I left the office but forgot to turn off the lights A locking B to lock C having locked D to have locked 2 China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats from in the South China Sea A attacking B having attacked C being attacked D having been attacked 3 Frank insisted that he was not asleep I had great difficulty in waking him up A whether B although C for D so 4 I told them not everybody could run as fast as you did A could he B didn t IC didn t youD could they 5 She has already tried her best Please don t be too about her job A special B responsible C unusual D particular 6 I m trying to break the of getting up too late A tradition B convenience C habit D leisure