高考英语阅读解题方法指导 一 猜词技巧 设问特点 1 从原文中找单词 短语或句子设问 2 所问词或句与该词该句常见意思不同 无法望文生义 只有在具体的上下文中才可判断准确 3 所考单词有的是生词 有的是旧词新意 4 正确选项的特征是放在原文不仅单句合理 全文也合理 5 错误选项或是字面意思 或是故意胡说 猜测词义题目类型 1 对考纲外生词的猜测 Theunderlinedword cultivated paragraph1 roughlymeans 2 对考纲内熟词新义的猜测 Theunderlinedword hit paragraph1 roughlymeans 4 对句义的猜测 WhenIgotbackoutintothestreet theworldseemedbrand newtome Hewassomethingoutofanancientlegend 3 对代词的猜测 Theunderlinedpart it inPara 4 refersto 词义理解题常见的题型有 1 Theword refersto probablymeans couldbestbereplacedby 2 Whatdoyouthinktheexpression standsfor 3 Theunderlinedsentence means Howdoyoudealwiththeunfamiliarwordsorphraseswhilereading Ignorethemandcontinuereading Lookthemupinthedictionary Guessthemeaning 1 Hewould thegoldfromhisgrandma 2 Unlikehisbrother Hobartisquite Howtoguessthemissingwords Harveyisathief hewould thegoldfromhisgrandmaandnotfeelguilty steal Unlikehisbrother whoistrulyahandsomeperson Hobartisquite ordinary looking plain homely Skillsforguessingunknownwords 1 Thelionhasits territory whichisanareathatananimal usuallythemale claims 声称 asitsown territory means anarea that own 动物地盘 2 Heisaresoluteman Oncehemakesuphismindtodosomething hewon tgiveituphalfway Theunderlinedwordmeans A strongB determinedC kindD clever 定语从句或其后的句子其实是一种定义或解释 技巧归纳1 Use 利用 definitionorexplanation定义或解释猜测词义 mean referto becalled beknownas canbedefinedas inotherwords thatis thatistosay namely becalled beidentifiedas toputitdifferently括号 引号 破折号 定语从句 etc Pruningisimportantbecauseitencouragesthegrowthoftendershoots 嫩芽 oryoungleavesoftrees Theword pruning means A RegularcuttingoftheplantsB FrequentwateringC RegularuseofchemicalsD Growingtheplantshighinthemountain技巧归纳2 Using 根据 commonsenseorexperience普通常识和经验 技巧归纳3 利用 from 2 Theperiodofadolescence theperiodbetweenchildhoodandadulthood maybelongorshort A少儿期B幼儿期C青春期D成人期 同义 同位语similarity appositive 1 Infact onlyabout80ocelots anendangeredwildcat existintheU S today ocelot means anendangeredwildcat Thelargestplayer ShanghaiBashiTourismCarCenteroffersawidevarietyofchoices suchasdeluxesedans minivans stationwagons coaches Santanasedansarethebigfavoriteofthetourists Theunderlinedwordsusedinthetextreferto A carsinthemakingB carrentalfirmsC carsforrentD carmakers 技巧归纳4 利用 举例fromexamples Signalwords forexample forinstance suchas like as etc 技巧归纳5 利用 From 1 Thesnowwasfalling Bigflakesdrifted 飘 withthewindlikefeathers 2 Unlikehergregarioussister Janeisashypersonwhodoesnotliketogotopartiesormakenewfriends 雪花 雪片 爱交际的 比较或对比comparisonorcontrast Signalwords as like thesameas unlike but however onthecontrary while instead ect 技巧归纳6 利用 From 1 Overworkmaycausediseases over 过分的 过量的 work overwork 工作过度 2 Therewasadissatisfiedlookinthemanager seyes dis 不 satisfied 满意的 dissatisfied 不满意的 构词法 前缀 后缀 复合 派生等 Wordformation 合成Compounding 转化Conversion 派生Derivation 构词法Wordformation prefix suffix 表否定un non in dis 表相反un de dis counter 错误失当mis mal pseudo 表向背pro anti 表程度arch super ultra over under mini semi 表时间pre fore post 表方位sub inter trans prefix decontroltransplantcounterattack 解除控制 移植 反击 suffix able 能 的 less 无 不 wards 向 ship 身份 资格 权力 性质 some 易于 的 hood 状态 性质 时期 ish 如 的 有点儿 的 proof 防 的 不能穿透的 scape 景 most 最 的 waterproofstreetscapeinnermostspeechless Heissaidtobe undersized with shortlegs anda roundstomach 08广东卷 TalesofthesupernaturalarecommoninallpartsofBritain 08广东卷 Theycaughttheemotionallandscapefromheartbreaktojoy butsharetheundeniablelongingforrecoveryandhope 2010深一模 派生Derivation 小尺寸的 较矮小的 超自然的 风景 不可否认的 Hewassomethingoutofanancientlegend hisverystrange dustyfelthat hisfunnyaccentfromwho knows where 06广东卷 合成Compounding 谁都不知是什么地方 Greatculturalchangesledtomoreopencommunicationandamoredemocraticprocessthatencourageseveryonetohaveasay 08广东卷 Sherestedherselfagainstapostclosetothetracks 09广东卷 转化Conversion v n 发言 发表意见 n v 倚靠 1 Isheintelligentorstupid 2 MostwomeninGhana theeducatedandilliterate theurbanandrural theyoungandold worktoearnanincomeinadditiontomaintainingtheirrolesashousewivesandmothers Theirreputationforeconomicindependence self reliance andhardworkiswellknownandwelldeserved Theunderlinedword illiterate inthepassagemeans A RepeatedB reiterated CuneducatedD sick clever 技巧归纳7 利用 From 同义词或反义词的关系猜词 SynonymorAntonym 1 Ifeelthatsinceyouaremysuperior 上司 itwouldbepresumptuousofmetotellyouwhattodo Theword presumptuous isclosestinmeaningto A fullofrespectB rudeandtooconfidentC lackinginexperienceD tooshyandquiet B 技巧归纳8 利用 From 原因与结果关系猜词fromCauseandResult Signalwords because so sothathence thereforeAsaresult assince for thus Theofficialaskedthemanwhathisoccupationwas Themantoldhimthatheworkedasanengineer A workB studyC nameD interest技巧归纳9 Use 利用 workedasanengineer contextorrelatedinformation上下文的语境 利用上下文 熟词新义 生活常识 找信息词 指代关系 1 Whenmenandwomenlivedbyhunting50 000yearsago howcouldtheyevenbegintopicturemodernlife 2 Themayormadeanaddresstothecitizensatthemeetingyesterday imagine speech 福建卷 RainforestsliketheAmazonareimportantformoppingupCO2fromtheatmosphereandhelpingtoslowglobalwarming CurrentlythetreesintheAmazontakeinaround500milliont