International Civil Aviation Organization Approved by the Secretary General and published under his authority Global Air Traffic Management Operational Concept First Edition 2005 Doc 9854 AN 458 8 4 A H D H 7 D D 22 6 9 0 1 7 7 6 7 228 9 L 1 7 7 6 7 8 4 E D B 2 C 0 17 3 2 3 568 9 17 3 2 3 558 A 8 4 A 327 266 0 1 2 2 2 3 8 9 L 1 2 2 6 38 8 4 M 35 9 272 2 0 1 6 32 4636 8 9 1 6 32 467 3 G B B N 7 0 1772 5 8 9 1772 57 7 8 A 8 0 A O M M C A A O 57 6 B 72 0 1372 35 22228 9 1372 35 726 8 4 E 9 9 2 A 0 A 77 that is it recognizes that within a planning horizon of more than twenty years much of the technology that exists or is in development today may change or cease to exist This operational concept has therefore been developed to stand the test of time Air Traffic Management Air traffic management is the dynamic integrated management of air traffic and airspace safely economically and efficiently through the provision of facilities and seamless services in collaboration with all parties 1 2 OPERATIONAL CONCEPT AND THE ATM SYSTEM 1 2 1 An operational concept is a statement of what is envisaged It asks and answers the question of what outcomes are required in the case of the ATM system of the future It is a vision statement It is not a technical manual or blueprint nor does it detail how things will be enabled that lies in a lower document in the hierarchy which may include concepts of operation or use technical standards and strategic plans 1 2 Global Air Traffic Management Operational Concept 1 2 2 The ATM system is a system that provides air traffic management through the collaborative integration of humans information technology facilities and services supported by air ground and or space based communications navigation and surveillance 1 3 SCOPE OF THE CONCEPT This operational concept describes the manner in which the ATM system will deliver services and benefits to airspace users by 2025 It also details how ATM will act directly on the flight trajectory of a manned or unmanned vehicle during all phases of flight and the interaction of that flight trajectory with any hazard Scope This air traffic management operational concept describes the services that will be required to operate the global air traffic system up to and beyond 2025 The operational concept addresses what is needed to increase user flexibility and maximize operating efficiencies in order to increase system capacity and improve safety levels in the future air traffic management system 1 4 GUIDING PRINCIPLES The ATM system is based on the provision of services This service based framework considers all resources inter alia airspace aerodromes aircraft and humans to be part of the ATM system The primary functions of the ATM system will enable flight from to an aerodrome into airspace safely separated from hazards within capacity limits making optimum use of all system resources The description of the concept components is based on realistic expectations of human capabilities and the ATM infrastructure at any particular time in the evolution to the ATM system described by this operational concept and is independent of reference to any specific technology Based on these considerations the elements are predicated on the guiding principles that follow 1 5 DRIVERS FOR CHANGE 1 5 1 The ATM environment like so many other environments today is driven by safety and increasingly by commercial or personal outcome expectations There are standards in place for global interoperability and many States systems have evolved within a standards framework to levels that are able to sustain their individual requirements However they now struggle or fail to meet the ever growing user expectations of global harmonization and interoperability There is no doubt that the ATM system of 2000 had many limitations and these are outlined in Appendix C 1 5 2 In 2000 a range of factors including cost efficiency safety and national interest drove change in the ATM system Now however the driver for change must be ATM user expectations within a framework of safety and business cases and cost benefit analysis The operational concept identifies a range of user expectations however it is recognized that within the planning horizon the set of solutions to provide expected benefits may change and this will be identified and implemented through the safety and business case process Chapter 1 General 1 3 Guiding Principles Safety The attainment of a safe system is the highest priority in air traffic management and a comprehensive process for safety management is implemented that enables the ATM community to achieve efficient and effective outcomes Humans Humans will play an essential and where necessary central role in the global ATM system Humans are responsible for managing the system monitoring its performance and intervening when necessary to ensure the desired system outcome Due consideration to human factors must be given in all aspects of the system Technology The ATM operational conce