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Module 6 Save the world一周强化一、一周知识强化本模块以“绿色环保”为题材,讨论了如何从点滴小事做起,节约能源,保护环境。其中,对话从学生自己办的网络杂志引入,谈到“绿色学校”等;阅读文章则以一个学生的口吻讨论作为中学生怎样才能为保护环境、节约能源做贡献,内容贴近同学们的生活实际。要求同学们在听说读写方面做到:能听懂有关环保的日常对话,获取准确信息,能比较自如地谈论环保等相关话题,能读懂关于环保的文章;能利用构词法理解一些生词的意思,能在写作中用适当的句型提出建议,并简要说明理由。语言知识方面做到:1词汇:能够正确使用下列单词和词组:waste, wasteful, metal, energy, pollution, recycle, environmental, hopeless, reduce, reuse, necessary, plastic, repair, care, instead, cloth, sort, harm, difference, product, material, bottle; throw away, instead of, do harm to, make a difference to等。2语法:构词法对前缀、后缀有初步了解。二、重难点知识讲解1Hey, you guys! Guess what! 嘿,你们好!知道吗?(1)you guys用在美语口语当中,用来引起话题,无论对方是男是女都可以用。e.g.Hey, you guys! Where are you going? 嘿,你们好!你们要到哪里去?(2)guess what或youll never guess,用在口语当中,在告诉别人令人惊讶的事情之前经常用到。e.g.Guess what! Ive got a new computer.知道吗?我有台新电脑。Youll never guess who I saw today. 你怎么也猜不到我今天看到谁了。2“ and everyone agrees we must be careful about the environment”“每个人都认为我们必须谨慎地对待环境”be careful about/ of 表示“小心/谨慎地对待”。e.g.Be careful of/ about the ice on the road. 当心马路上的冰。Hes not happy so be careful about/of what you say to him. 他不高兴,所以和他说话要小心。3Its wasteful to throw away glass, paper and metal扔掉玻璃、纸张和金属是很浪费的(行为)(1)该句是“it is +形容词+ to do”句型,其中it是形式主语,动词不定式to do是真正的主语。e.g.It is easy to pick up China radio international programmes. 收听中国国际广播电台的节目很容易。Is it important to practice listening? 练习听力很重要吗?(2)throw away表示“扔掉”。e.g.So when are you going to throw away those old magazines?你打算什么时候扔掉那些旧杂志?一Im going to give them to my cousin.我打算把它们给我表弟。They shouldnt throw those old trousers away.他们不该把那些旧裤子扔掉。4Its also at home that we save energy and recycle在家里我们也节约能源循环利用这是一个强调句,暂时不要求同学们掌握,只明白意思就可以了。在英语中,我们常用it iswas who/that结构来突出强调句子的某一成分(一般是句子中主语、宾语或状语)。在这个句型中,it没有词汇意义,只是引出被强调的成分。如果被强调的成分是表示人的词,用who或that来连接都可以。如果是其它成分,则一律用that来连接。强调句的句型结构是:It is/ was+被强调部分+that/ whoe.g.Jane helped me. Jane帮了我。It was Jane who/that helped me. 是Jane帮了我。(强调主语Jane)It was me that Jane helped. Jane帮的是我。(强调宾语me)5I agree. And we should stop them from polluting the air as well.我同意,而且我们也应该阻止他们污染空气。stop sb. from doing sth.意为“阻止某人做某事”,其中介词from在主动句中可省略,在被动句中不能省略e.g.They stopped me going out of the door.他们阻止我出门。The mother tried to stop her young daughter going out on dates.母亲试图阻止小女儿外出约会。They were stopped from entering by the police. 他们被警察拦住不得进入。stop sb. from doing sth和prevent sb. from doing sth.keep sb. from doing sth. 在意思上很相近。prevent和stop两个词组中的介词from都可省略。但词组keep sb. from doing sth. 中的from不可省掉,否则意思会改变。6Do you care about protecting the environment and saving energy?你关心环保和节能吗?care about是一个动词短语,表示“关心,介意,在乎”。e.g.The only thing he cares about is his field. 他唯一关心的就是他的田地。Shes never cared very much about her clothes.她从来不特别在意自己的衣着。7We all need a healthy environment, but we produce waste every day and it does harm to our environment. 我们都需要一个有益健康的环境,但是我们每天都会制造垃圾,而这些垃圾对我们的环境有危害。do harm to意为“对有害处”。英文中“对有好处”可以说:do good to e.g.Alan would never do harm to them. 艾伦永远不会伤害他们的。A holiday will do good to you.休假会对你有好处的。Going to bed late every night will do more harm than good.每天晚睡害处大于益处。词性变化:harmful adj. 有害的,伤害的8Though we are young, we can still do a little bit to help. 尽管我们年龄小,但仍然可以做一些事情来保护环境。though是连词,意为“虽然但是”,引导的是状语从句。e.g.Though it was raining, he went there.虽然当时正下着雨,他还是到那里去了。Though he was poor he was happy.虽然他很穷却很快乐。9In fact, even the simplest everyday activities can make a real difference to the environment. 其实,即使是最简单的日常小事也能对环境产生很大影响。(1)everyday是一个形容词,意为“每日的,每天的”,它用来修饰后面的名词;而every day是两个单词,后面不能有名词被它修饰,只能在句中作状语。e.g.Computers are now part of everyday life. 现在电脑已经是日常生活的一部分了。We walk to school every day. 每天我们走着去上学。(2)make a difference (to) 意思是“(对)产生重大影响”。e.g.You neednt do it. Itll make no difference.你不必要做,没什么大的影响。Exercise made a great difference to her health.锻炼对她的健康有很大的影响。10Although it takes energy to change something into something else, it is better than throwing things away or burning them. 虽然把一种东西变成另一种东西会消耗能源,但还是比把它们扔掉或烧掉好。changeinto 表示“把变成”。e.g.You cant change iron into gold. 你无法把铁变成金。When the prince kissed the cat, it changed into a beautiful princess.当王子吻那只猫时,它变成了美丽的公主。三、语法点拨前缀、后缀构词法加前、后缀是英语中最常见的扩充词汇的方式,也是学习英语必须掌握的构词法。比如,我们学会care,就能掌握careful,careless,carefully,carelessly。下面我们介绍几个常见的前、后缀:1re-表示“再”,如:rewrite,reuse,recycle2in(m)-表示“无,不”,如:incorrect,impossible,impolite3un-表示“不,无”,如:untrue,unhealthy,uncomfortable4dis-表示“不,无”,如:dishonest,disagree,disappear,dislike5anti-表示“反对,防止”,如:anti-pollution,anti-war(反战)6-able表示“可能,易于,适合于”,构成形容词,如:renewable,eatable(可吃的),lovable(可爱的),comfortable,movable(可移动的)7-ful表示“充满的,具有性质的”,构成形容词,如:helpful,hopeful,powerful,useful,careful,beautiful8-less与-ful相反,表示“少的,不足的”,构成形容词,如:helpless,hopeless,powerless,useless,careless常用的前缀、后缀非常多,在以后的学习中我们还会遇到,希望同学们注意积累。用心 爱心 专心
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