猜测词义 Guessingmeaningsofwords Ifyoucomeacrossnewwordswhenreading Whatwillyoudo Ignore 忽略 themandcontinuereading Lookthemupinthedictionary Guessthemeaning Howtoguessthemeaningsofwords 词义猜测题常用的提问方式有 1 Theword refersto probablymeans couldbestbereplacedby 2 Theword ismostlikelytomean 3 Whatdoyouthinktheexpression standsfor 4 Theunderlinedword means 1 Definition定义法 3 Similarity相似法 2 Contrast对比法 4 Causeandeffect因果法 5 Example例举法 8 CommonSense普通常识 6 WordFormation构词法 猜测词义 7 Context上下文 Itwillbeveryhardbutverybrittle thatis itwillbreakeasily 1 Definition定义法 一般通过定义 定语 从句 或同位语 从句 来确定词义 adj 易碎的 脆的 Theherdsman wholooksaftersheep earnsabout650yuanayear n 牧羊人 2 Contrast对比法 利用文中的反义词以及表对比关系的词 组 猜测词义 表示对比的词有but while however otherwise unlike instead ontheotherhand Mostofusagreed however Billdissented Sheisusuallypromptforallherclasses buttodayshearrivedinthemiddleofherfirstclass A ontimeB lateC slowlyD quickly A v 不同意 3 Similarity相似法 利用同义词 近义词或词组猜测词义 Cleaningupwaterwaysisanenormoustask Thejobissolarge infact thatthegovernmentmaynotbeabletosavesomeoftheriversandlakeswhichhavebeenpolluted adj 巨大的 极大的 4 CauseEffect因果法 从原因推测结果 从结果推测原因 Onewhoisdestitutehasagreatneedforfoodandclothing Thatmuseumissoimmensethatitwillbeimpossibletoseealltheexhibitionsinoneday adj 贫穷的 穷困的 adj 大的 因果关系 Withthehelpofconjunctionslike because as since for so thus asaresult therefore sothat etc 5 Example例举法 利用文中的举例猜测词义 常见的举例的提示词有forinstance forexample suchas等 Todayyoungcouplesoftenspendlotsoftheirmoneyonappliances forinstance washingmachines refrigeratorsandcolortelevisions n 电器用具 6 WordFormation构词法 英语单词大多是由词根 词头 前缀 和词尾 后缀 所组成 词根是单词最基本的部分 表达单词的基本含义 在词根前或后加上前缀或后缀 可以用来引申或转变原词的意义 只要我们掌握了各种词根 词头和词尾的基本含义 那么就可以很容易猜测出由其构成的新词的含义了 Withtheirshiningbrowneyes waggingtails andunconditionallove dogscanprovidethenonjudgmentallistenersneededforabeginningreadertogainconfidence 2003NMET unconditional 无条件的 绝对的adj condition conditional 情况 条件n 有条件的adj unconditional nonjudgmental 没有判断力的 judge judgment judgmental 判断v 判断n adj nonjudgmental 中学英语中常见的前缀和后缀有 super 超 mini 极小的 微小的 micro 极微小的 re 再 反复 mis 误 恶 im 不 un 不 非 in 不 非 non 不 非 able 能 的 less 不 无 wards 向 supermanmicrowave 超人 nonnaturalmispronouce 非自然的 homelessnonsmoker 无家可归的 rebuildeastwards 重建 Canyouguesstherightmeanings 微波 非烟民 发错音 向东 Eg I mgoingtobuyamicrobus micro bus微型公共汽车 1 HesoundedquitenervousandhehadbeentalkingforaminuteorsobeforeIunderstandanything EventhenallIcouldmakeoutwasthatsomeonecalledMillyhadhadaverybadaccident A seeclearlyB understandC expect B 7 Context上下文 利用语境及前后的提示来猜测词义 A n 猫头鹰 A n 猿 8 Commonsense普通常识 根据普通常识和生活经验来猜测词义 在阅读的过程中 如遇到生词 有时可以根据自身的直接或间接的经验 或运用自己已有的常识将其推测出来 比如了解一些英美国家的天文地理 风俗习惯 宗教信仰 政治结构 社会制度等 可以帮助加深对文章的理解 遇到生词时 猜测词义的能力自然就会增强 Whenadoctorperformsanoperationonapatient heusuallygivesananesthetictomakehimunconscious becausehedoesnotwanthispatienttofeelpainortoknowwhatishappeningtohim n 麻醉剂 药 Inquiry basedActivities I 探究活动 1 Canyouguessthecorrectmeaningsofthefollowingwords 1 Therearesomeglaciersmovingdownthemountainvalleys Aglacierisariverofice A 雪山B 树枝C 冰河D 冰2 Heisaresoluteman Oncehemadeuphismindtodosomething hewon tgiveituphalfway A weakB firmC kindD clever3 Mr BrownisnowworkingatPrincetonUniversityfarawayfromhome Forthisreasonhehastorentaroomneartheofficewhereheworks A 租用B 借出C 购买D 参观 C A B 4 Theofficialaskedthemanwhathisoccupationwas Themantoldhimthatheworkedasanengineer A workB studyC nameD interest5 Theoldwomanhasastrangehabittokeepover100catsinherhouse Herneighborallcallheraneccentriclady A 爱猫的B 古怪的C 闲不住D 动物保护主义者6 Inmanycountriestherearetwofinancialextremes frompenurytogreatwealth A 便士B 温饱C 非常贫困D 虚弱 A B C 7 Mrs Smithisloquaciouswhileherhusbandisthesilenttype A 活泼的B 好动的C 爱说话的D 可爱的8 Thosenewcomerswerenotusedtothelifeinthesuburbswhichwassodifferentfromthatinsidethecity A townB capitalC countrysideD house9 Thisboyisnotstupid onthecontrary noonecouldbemoreintelligent A 勤奋的B 愚蠢的C 聪明的D 情报 C C C 10 Childrenarealwaysboasting Theysaythingslike MyDad scarisbiggerthanyourDad s MyMomissmarterthanyours and Myfamilyhasmoremoneythanyours Theword boasting means A 骄傲B 吹牛C 顽皮D 幼稚 B Inquiry basedActivities II 探究活动 2 Passage1 Wecannotfeelspeed Butoursenseletusknowthatwearemoving Weseethingsmovingpastandfeelthatwearebeingshaken Wecanfeelacceleration anincreaseinspeed Butwenoticeitforonlyashorttime Forexamplewefeelitduringthetakeoffrunofanairplane 1 Accelerationisthenamefor A anykindofmovementB themovementofaplaneC asteadyspeedD anincreaseinspeed Passage2 Alltheathletestrytobeattheclosingceremony Theyhaveforgottenalltheirfearsandworries Itdoesnotmatterwhethertheyhavedonewellornot Alltheteamswalkroundthestadiumtogether Everybodyinthevillageclearsupandgetsreadytoleave Everyoneishuntingforlocalproducts Peopleexchangetracksuits hats runningvestandsoon Thereisalastchancetotakephotographsandgetaddressesofnewfriends Theneachteamstartsitsjourneyhome 5 Theunderlinephrase clearsup intheparagraphmeans A packsupB goesawayC makesclearD doesthecleaning Passage3Therulerhadbeensocruelanddishonestthataftertherevolutionhewasbanished Afewmember