1 UncertaintyAvoidance 不确定性规避 AccordingtoHofstede 1998 uncertaintyavoidancereferstothelackoftoleranceforambiguityanduncertaintyandtheneedforformalrulesandhigh levelorganizationalstructure 2 UncertaintyAvoidanceincludestwoforms LowuncertaintyAvoidanceHighuncertaintyAvoidance 3 LowUncertaintyAvoidance低度不确定性规避 Culturesoflowuncertaintyavoidancehavelessconcernaboutambiguityanduncertaintyandhavemoretoleranceforavarietyofopinions U S Canada GreatBritain 4 HighUncertaintyAvoidance高度不确定性规避 Culturesofhighuncertaintyavoidancehavealowtoleranceforuncertaintyandambiguity France Japan 5 1 Thereisastrongwinglingnesstolivedaybyday 2 Peoplehavelowlevelofstress low 6 Thereisgreateranxietyaboutthefuture Peoplehavehighlevelofstress high 7 Peoplearemorerisk taking Onehopesforsuccess low 8 Peoplearelessrisk taking Failureisfeared high 9 1 Superordinatesmaysay Idon tknow 2 Lessformalorganizationalstructuresaredesired low 10 Superordinateshavealltheanswers Formalorganizationalstructuresaredesired high 11 12 Somecharacteristicsofbusinessculture 13 low high 14 high low 15 low high 16 TheScoreofUncertaintyAvoidanceIndex 上中下 50 70 17 Influence Eachcountryhaseachculture wecannottreatanycountriesatthesameattitude Inthebusiness aAmericanclerkwillneverunderstandwhystaffshouldstayinthesamecompanyforallhis herlife Sotherewillbeconflictbetweenthembecausethatiscultureinfluencethatnoteveryculturecanbeadapttoanotherculture Inaword influenceisinevitable