外科护理学重点（Key points of surgical nursing）1, respiratory alkalosis caused by excessive excretion of C02 in the bodyA. hypoxemiaB. hyperoxiaC. hypercapniaD. hypercapniaE. hypoxemia and hypercapniaStandard answer: C2, skull base fracture combined with cerebrospinal fluid leakage, taboo blocking the nasal cavity and ear canal, the purpose is to preventA. increased intracranial pressureB. forms brain herniaC. intracranial hematomaD. intracranial infectionE. intracranial pressure decreaseStandard answer: D3, the most common cause of acute renal failure trauma isA. severe scalp lacerationB. severe crush injuryC. traumatic asphyxiaD. joint sprainSevere scalp avulsion of E.Standard answer: B4. Early signs of disseminated intravascular coagulation in patients areA. blood is not easily withdrawnB. nose bleeds easilyC. skin bleeding spotsD. stoolE. hemoptysisStandard answer: a5, local anesthesia with Procaine can prevent the toxic reaction of local anesthetics:A. disposable doseB. avoids the direct injection of drugs into the blood vesselC. should increase the dosage of the frail patientD. anesthetics are injected at the site of abundant blood flowE. procaine adds large amounts of epinephrineStandard answer: B -6. The basis for judging the complete awake of patients under general anesthesia isA. groanB. active eye openingC. muscle tone recoveryD. answer the question correctlyE. corneal reflex recoveryStandard answer: D7, recovery drugs should be preferredA. oralB. intramuscular injectionC. subcutaneous injectionD. intravenous injectionE. intratracheal injectionStandard answer: D8 、 the simplest and effective way to build artificial respiration after respiratory arrest isA. anestheticB. artificial respiratorC. endotracheal intubation breathingD. simple air sac respiratorE. mouth to mouth resuscitationStandard answer: e9 which of the following operations is the primary key to initial recovery?A. heart compressionB. mouth to mouth resuscitationC. keep airway clearD. simple respirator useE. defibrillationStandard answer: C10, to judge the effect of mouth to mouth resuscitation is correctA. lips are rosyB. chest undulationC. spontaneous breathing recoveryD. large arterial pulseE. dilated pupils with reduced pupilsStandard answer: C 11, the following clinical manifestations of hyperthyroidism are incorrectA. palpitationsB. bulimia, weight lossC.D. diffuse enlargement of the thyroid glandE. lethargy, drowsinessStandard answer: e12, the most basic measure of anti shock treatment isA. actively deals with primary diseasesB. promptly correct the imbalance of acid-base balanceC. early application of vasoactive drugsD. timely, rapid, and adequate supply of blood volumeE. uses cardiac drugs to increase myocardial contractilityStandard answer: a13, tension pneumothorax first aid should beA. clavicle midline, second intercostal pleural puncture, as soon as possible decompressionB. rapidly closed the chest wall woundC. debridementD. tracheotomyE. pressure oxygen inhalationStandard answer: a14, the main basis to judge injury hemothorax isA. history of chest traumaB., decreased blood pressure and pulse rateC. dyspneaD. chest fullness, percussion drum soundE. aspiration of the pleura without coagulation of bloodStandard answer: e15, prevention of postoperative atelectasis, nursing measures inappropriateA. take exercise before and breathe deeplyB. acute respiratory tract infections were treated with antimicrobialsC. prevents postoperative nausea and aspirationAntitussive agents were used after D.Avoid breathing restriction after E.Standard answer: D 16, the ache character of acute pancreatitis is oftenA. knife cut painB. stingsC. dull painD. distending painE. burningStandard answer: aIn 17, through intravenous nutrition for human metabolism required forA. parenteral nutritionB. intravenous feedingC. enteral nutritionD. parenteral nutritionE. nutritional supportStandard answer: D18, after the occurrence of urinary retention, the following should not be the preferred measure isA. acupuncture pointB. rinse the perineum with waterC. catheterizationD. abdominal hot compressE. transform voiding postureStandard answer: C19 、 what kind of drugs can be used to seal the tube at the end of the infusion?A. hypertonic salineB. glucose solutionC. water for injectionD. heparin dilutionE. hemostatic dilutionStandard answer: D20. The pathological process of local or systemic inflammatory reactions caused by pathogenic microorganisms invading