毕业论文基于 ARM 的嵌入式小型飞行参数测试系统的设计摘 要飞机飞行的高度、马赫数和升降速度等参数是飞机的自动控制、导航、火控、空中管制、和告警等系统必不可少的信息。随着飞机性能的不断增强，飞机上各系统对飞行参数测试的要求也越来越高，旧有的测试系统已逐渐不能适应现代高速飞机飞行参数的测试需求，本文针对项目委托方提出的技术要求，经过对飞行参数测试技术及其发展趋势的研究分析，最终确定采用嵌入式技术，设计一款基于 32 位微处理器 ARM 的集数据采集、处理、显示为一体的测试飞机飞行高度、马赫数和升降速度的系统。基于课题的研究内容，本文在分析研究飞机飞行参数测试原理的基础上，围绕着设计目标，从整体方案的选择、系统各部分元件的选取及测试系统的软硬件设计等方面阐述了主要开展的设计研究工作。重点对系统硬件电路设计、软件设计和气压传感器的温度补偿方法进行了深入论述。应当指出，本文介绍的大气数据参数测试专用机，选用小型化高采样速率的硅压阻式气压传感器、高性能的32位ARM微处理器、高精度A/D转换器、专用接口芯片等优化组合，集成度高，体积小，重量轻。实验结果表明了所设计的系统方案合理有效，具有较好的实时性和可靠性，基本上满足了系统的设计需要。关键词：飞行参数，传感器，ARM 微处理器，A/D 转换器(CS5532)iABSTRACTParameters such as aircraft flying altitude、Mach number and the speed of raiseand drop are essential information of such systems as aircraft control，fire control， air control， and warning and other systems. With the increasingperformance of the aircraft，the old testing system cannot meet the requirements ofmodern high-speed flight testing. So higher requirement has been set for the testing offlight parameters， accordance with technical requirements of the client，the paper，after an analysis of flight parameters test technology and its development trend，adopts embedded technology to design a system that a 32-bit ARM microprocessor ofdata collection， processing， testing showed that as one of the aircraft flyingaltitude， number and the speed of raise and drop system.Based on the contents of the research project， the paper which is around theanalyzes the principles of test principle of the flight parameters and design goals，introduced the main research work such as choice of the overall program，selectingdifferent parts of the system，testing the design of hardware and software. Duringwhich the emphasis is put on the design of hardware circuit， software andtemperature compensation methods of pressure sensor.It should be noted that the machine for testing atmospheric data parameterswhich is introduced in this paper is composed of small silicon piezoresistive pressuresensors with high sampling rate，32-bit ARM microprocessor with high-performance，A/D converters high-precision with high-precision， special interface chip.It hascharacteristic of small size， light-weight，high-integration. The experimental resultsshow that the system is reasonably designed， and its real-time processing andreliability meet the design needs of the system.Key words：Flight parameters， Sensors， ARM microprocessor， Analog to Digitalconverter (CS5532)iiIn图清单图 2.1 几种飞行高度的定义.4图 2.2 微型空气柱压力分析示意图.5图 2.3 系统总体结构框图.8图 3.1 硅压阻式压力传感器基本结构.10图 3.2 恒压源供电.12图 3.3 恒流源供电.12图 3.4 传感器通道电路原理图. .13图 3.5 传感器电路板实物图.14图 3.6 1230 型气压传感器型号释义.14图 3.7 硅压阻传感器实物图.14图 3.8 1230 型硅压阻传感器内部等效电路.15图 3.9 传感器的气路和电路系统原理图.151.5mA 恒流源电路.16图 3.11 AD7416 内部结构图.17图 3.12 AD7416 电路接法.18AD7416 与 AT91SAM74LS64 数据传输的时序图.19图 4.1 AT91SAM7S64 微处理器结构框图.24系统总体组成框图.25图 4.3 系统供电模型.25图 4.4 电源电路.26图 4.5 CS5532 内部结构图.29图 4.6 CS5532A/D 转换电路.29图 4.7 AT91SAM7S64 的外围电路.31图 4.8 串口电路.33图 4.9 JTAG 电路.33图 4.10 数据采集板 PCB 图(未铺铜).34图 4.11 主控板实物图.35图 5.1 系