2013年研究生入学考试英语二真题及答案Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Given the advantages of electronic money, you might think that we would move quickly to the cashless society in which all payments are made electronically. _1_, a true cashless society is probably not around the corner. Indeed, predictions of such a society have been _2_ for two decades but have not yet come to fruition. For example, Business Week predicted in 1975 that electronic means of payment “would soon revolutionize the very _3_ of money itself,” only to _4_ itself several years later. Why has the movement to a cashless society been so _5_ in coming?Although e-money might be more convenient and may be more efficient than a payments system based on paper, several factors work _6_ the disappearance of the paper system. First, it is very _7_ to set up the computer, card reader, and telecommunications networks necessary to make electronic money the _8_ form of payment. Second, paper checks have the advantage that they _9_ receipts, something that many consumers are unwilling to _10_. Third, the use of paper checks gives consumers several days of float-it takes several days _11_ a check is cashed and funds are _12_ from the issuers account, which means that the writer of the check can earn interest on the funds in the meantime. _13_ electronic payments are immediate, they eliminate the float for the consumer. Fourth, electronic means of payment _14_ security and privacy concerns. We often hear media reports that an unauthorized hacker has been able to access a computer database and to alter information _15_ there.Because this is not an _16_ occurrence, unscrupulous persons might be able to access bank accounts in electronic payments systems and _17_ funds by moving them from someone elses accounts into their own. The _18_ of this type of fraud is no easy task, and a whole new field of computer science has developed to _19_ security issues. A further concern is that the use of electronic means of payment leaves an electronic _20_ that contains a large amount of personal data on buying habits. There are worries that government, employers, and marketers might be able to access these data, thereby encroaching on our privacy.1. A However B Moreover C Therefore D Otherwise2. A off B back C over D around3. A power B concept C history D role4. A reward B resist C resume D reverse5. A silent B sudden C slow D steady6. A for B against Cwith D on7. A imaginative B expensive C sensitive D productive8. A similar B original C temporary D dominant9. A collect B provide C copy D print10. A give up B take over C bring back D pass down11. A before B after C since D when12. A kept B borrowed C released D withdrawn13. A Unless B Until C Because D Though14. A hide B express C raise Dease15. A analyzed B shared C stored D displayed16. A unsafe B unnatural C uncommon D unclear17. A steal B choose C benefit D return18. A consideration B prevention C manipulation D justification19. A cope with B fight against C adapt to D call for20. A chunk B chip C path D trail答案：1-5: ADBDC6-10: BBDBA11-15: ADCCC16-20: CABAD英语二阅读原文及出处：Text 1In an essay, entitled “Making It in America,” in the latest issue of The Atlantic, the author Adam Davidson relates a joke from cotton country about just how much a modern textile mill has been automated: The average mill has only two employees today, “a man and a dog. The man is there to feed the dog, and the dog is there to keep the man away from the machines。”Davidsons article is one of a number of pieces that have recently appeared making the point that the reason we have such stubbornly high unemployment and sagging middle-class incomes today is largely because of the big drop in demand because of the Great Recession, but it is also because of the quantum advances in both globalization and the information technology revolution, which are more rapidly than ever replacing labor with machines or foreign workers。In the past, workers with average skills, doing an average job, could earn an average lifestyle. But, today, average is officially over. Being average just wont earn you what it used to. It cant when so many more employers have so much more access to so much more above average cheap foreign labor, cheap robotics, cheap software, cheap automation and cheap genius. Therefore, everyone needs to find their extra their unique value contribution that makes them stand out in whatever is their field of employment. Average is over。Yes, new technology has been eating jobs forever, and always will. As the