Module3 Journeytospace Unit3 Languageinuse ScientistshavesentspaceshiptoMars Thejourneyhastakenseveralmonths Revision Astronautshavealreadybeentothemoon NoonehasbeentoMarsyet becauseMarsisveryfaraway muchfartherthanthemoon Scientistshavealsodiscoveredmanyothergalaxiesintheuniverse ScientistshavesentspaceshiptotheplanetMarstotakephotos Theyhaveevensentspaceshipstotraveloutsidethesolarsystem NospaceshiphastravelledfarenoughtoreachotherstarsinourGalaxy 1 I vejustmadeamodelspaceship 2 Hasitarrivedyet 3 Astronautshavealreadybeentothemoon 4 Wehavenotfoundlifeonanyotherplanetsyet Languagepractice Grammar 在现在完成时的句子中 already 已经 just 刚刚 常用于肯定句 放在have和has的后面 yet 还 尚 仍然 常用于否定句和疑问句 放在have和has的后面也可放在句末 SpaceshiponMars Astronautshave 1 beentothemoonbuttheyhavenotbeentoanyotherplanets However aspaceship 2 arrivedonMarsandithas 3 sentbackphotosoftheredplanet IstherelifeonMars Wedonotknow 4 already just already yet Completethenewswithalready justandyet Grammar have hasbeento与have hasgoneto的区别 have hasbeento表示某人 去过某地 现在已经回来了 have hasgoneto表示某人 去某地了 这个人已经不在这里了 ThespaceshiphasgonetoMars Ithasgonethere butithasnotcomebackyet Astronautshavebeentothemoon Theywentthereandthentheycameback Lookatthesesentences 1 Astronautshavebeen gonetothemoonandreturned 2 Thespaceshiphasbeen goneintospace Itwilltravelfortendays 3 Theastronauthasbeen gonetothespacestation Hewillcomebacktomorrow 4 Thespaceshiphasbeen gonetothespacestation Itbroughtbacktwoastronauts Nowchoosethecorrectanswer Completethesentenceswiththeexpressionsinthebox 1 Aspaceship toMars Itiscomingbacktotheearthnextyear hasgone 2 Lotsofastronauts tothespacestation Theyfounditveryinteresting 3 Someastronauts tothemoontwice 4 TwoBritishastronauts tothespacestation TheywillcomebackinJanuary havebeen havebeen havegone Grammar 现在完成时 2 当表示动作已经完成 并对现在有一定影响时 我们一般用现在完成时 同时 可分用just already或yet加以强调或说明 例如 Ihavejustheardthenews 我刚听到消息 Astronautshavealreadybeentothemoon 宇航员已经去过月球了 Hehasjuststartedtoexploreotherplanets 我们才刚刚开始探索其他行星 可以看出 just用来表示 刚刚 already用来表示 已经 两者都用于肯定句中 一般是置于have has之后 在否定句中则可用yet 表示 还未 有 以后可以会 的含义 例如 Thescientistshavenotheardfromityet 科学家还没有收到它发出的信息 Manhasnotdiscoveredanylifeinspaceyet 人类尚未在太空中发现生命 另外 在使用现在完成时的时候 要注意与一般过去时的区别 现在完成时在表达经历时只表示该事件是在现在之前的某一个时间里发生的 重点在于已完成动作对现在的影响 而一般过去时则表示在过去某一具体时间发生的事情 例如 IhavejustbeentoLondon Iwenttherelastmonth 我刚去过伦敦 上个月去的 Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework Ifinisheditanhourago 我已经完成家庭作业了 一小时前完成的 在没有明确的过去时间状语时 如何判断该用现在完成时还是该用过去时呢 判断的标准是看该行为是否对现在有影响 也就是说该句强调的是什么 试看以下对话 A Wherehaveyouputmybook Ican tfindit 你把我的书放哪儿去了 我找不到 B Iputitonyourdeskyesterday 我昨天放你桌子上了 该对话中 当A问对方把自己的书放在何处时 A感兴趣的是现在的状态 因此用现在完成时 但是B回答时只是说明当时放的位置 所以用一般过去时 再看下面的对话 A Wouldyouliketogoandseethefilmwithmetonight 你今晚想和我去看电影吗 B Sorry Ihaveseenitalready 不好意思 我已经看过那部电影了 对话中的现在完成时表示对结果的强调 电影看过了 所以不想再看了 Nicky I vejust 1 watch agreatTVprogrammeaboutspace Didyouknowthatscientistshave 2 discover wateronMars Bill Yes Idid Andscientists 3 try tofindlifeonMarsnow watched discovered aretrying Completetheconversationwiththecorrectformoftheverbsinbrackets Nicky Yes they relookingforlifebutthey 4 notfind anythingyet Bill ThereweresomenewphotosofMarsinthenewspapertoday 5 you see themyet Nicky Yes They reamazing haven tfind Haveseen Role playtheconversationinActivity4 Workinpairs Completetheemailwiththewordsinthebox FROM LiuDanTO LiFangSUBJECT I vefoundagreatbook DearLiFang I ve 1 finishedreadingagreatbookatschool Ihaven t 2 anythingasgoodasthatforalongtime It sastoryaboutthesolarsystem Inthebook thewriterimaginesthatastronautshave 3 toMars I ve 4 thoughtaboutthatbeforeandIthinkit sveryinteresting just read been never Ihaven t 5 anyonefamousinmylifebutIhopeonedayIcanmeetanastronaut I ve 6 toaChineseastronautformoreinformationaboutspaceandhisexperienceofspacetravel Ihopehewillwriteback Hehasn t 7 Maybeheistoobusy I mstillwaiting Bestwishes LiuDan met written yet Listenandcompletethenotes 1 TheastronautjoinedCNSA yearsago 2 Hehasflowninaspaceship times 3 Hefelt whenhewasinthespaceship Listeningpractice six two excited 4 Hehasbeentothespacestation 5 Theearthwasblueandvery whenhesawitfromthespacestation 6 Hedecidedtobeanastronautbecausehehasalwaysbeen inspace twice beautiful interested Completethewordmapwiththewordsandexpressionsinthebox SPACE spacetravel solarsystem astronaut Mars spaceship spacestation theearth themoon thesun Nowaddmorewordsaboutspacetothewordmapandwritefivesentences We vejustreadastoryaboutaspacestationnearthesun Astronautshaven tbeentothesun becauseit stoohot Spaceshipsaretravellinginoursolarsystematthemoment Iaminterestedinspaceandthestarsandplantsinourgalaxy IthinkscientistswillsendastronautstoMarsoneday Completethepassagewiththecorrectformofthewordsinthebox InJuly1969 NeilArmstrongbecamethefirst 1 towalkonthe 2 Peopleallaroundtheworldwatchedtheirtelevisions astronaut moon andwaitedforthe 3 to 4 theearth Wehavenow 5 alotmoreaboutoursolarsystem andwehavesent 6 toMars butnoonehaswalkedonthatplanet 7 ButIbelieveonedaysomeonewill news reach discovered spaceships yet Aroundtheworld Name