SAP (Systems, Applications and Products in Data Processing)Glossary Information Technology has many key words and SAP R/3 has introduced many others. In order to understand the field of SAP even better you should keep those terms in mind.ALE (Application Link Enabling)It provides integration for separate R/3 systems, keeping full interaction. This makes possible distributed enterprise applications.Application serverThe application server is used to run the business application programs in the R/3 client/server concept. The application modules are loaded from the data base server to the application server as required. Thus the application server requires only storage capacity to accommodate UNIX, Swapping and the SAP runtime environment. Batch InputA technique to input data safely. It ensures application data integrity for background interfaces. It pretends to be someone typing. See also direct input.CATT (Computer Aided Test Tool) It allows you to combine and automate sequences of repeatable transactions in test procedures. CATT reduces the number of manual tests, and forces you to test systematically, defining input values and expected test results. CCMS (Computer Center Management System)It allows you to monitor, control and configure your R/3 system. This toolset lets you analyze and distribute client workloads and report on resource consumption for system components. Central SystemIn an R/3 central system, both application and data base software are run on one computer. ClientIn commercial, organizational and technical terms, a self-contained unit in an R/3 system with separate master records and its own set of tables.Client/Server SystemClient/server systems are structured modularly, with components working in a sender/receiver relationship. Software components can also be used in a client/server relationship. Communication ServerIt provides the connection between local area and wide area networks and may be either a router, a bridge or a gateway. In R/3 installations, the communication server must support the TCP/IP protocol over wide area networks.Company codeThe smallest organizational unit for which a complete self-contained set of accounts can be drawn up for purposes of external reporting. This involves recording all relevant transactions and generating all supporting documents for legally-required financial statements, such as balance sheets and profit and loss statements. Computer typeThe R/3 system supports various computer types of SAPs platform partners, such as Bull, DEC, IBM and HP. The suitability of a particular computer type depends on sufficient CPU performance. Common Programming Interface-CommunicationsCommon CPI-C Programming Interface of Communication has been introduced by IBM as a high-level interface to SNA/LU6-2. CPI-C has become the subject of the X/Open standardization and is used by SAP to facilitateprogram-to-program communication between R/3 and external system. SAP offers CPI-C libraries based on TCP/IP. Correction It contains all the objects that a developer has changed or created. It also controls customizing that has been maintained. CSPA system to help SAP employees to give comprehensive support to their clients.Data Base Server The data base server stores the SAP application programs and data in the R/3 client/server concept. It also handles the SAP update program and batch jobs.Direct InputA recent technique to input data safely. It ensures application data integrity for background interfaces. See also batch input. DispatcherThe system R/3 agent that identifies the type of task (on-line, update, batch, etc.) and sends the job to an idle work process.EarlyWatchIt is a service that entails having your R/3 installation regularly inspected by SAP employees, in other to ensure high system availability and high data throughput at all time. EthernetIt is a LAN architecture using bus topology. The transmission speed is 10 MBit/s.FDDI (Fiber Distributed Data Interchange)It is a local high-speed network with ring topology based on light wave conductors. The transmission speed is 100 MBit/s. Field statusIndicator that specifies whether a field can take an entry in the entry screen or if it must be filled. FirewallIt is a means of controlling access through a public network to a private network. FTP (File Transfer Protocol)It is the most commonly used file transmission protocol of the TCP/IP protocol family. GUI (Graphic User Interface)A graphical interface used by SAP environment as part of the three tiers. It is normally called user frontend. IDES (International Demonstration and Education System) It is a model of an international firm. It is a separate demonstration and education system for speeding up the pilot process. IMG (Implementation Management Guide) It is a hierarchical structure that reflects the R/3 component hierarch