Chapter4 DevelopingParagraphs 1 FeaturesofaParagraph AnalysisofSample1 2 FeaturesofaParagraph Task1 ReadSample2onpage94andidentifythethreefundamentalfeatures thecentralidea thesupportingevidence andhowconnectionbetweensentencesisachieved ReadSample3andfindthecentralidea Aneffectiveparagraphmusthaveacentralidea whichmaybeexpressedeitherexplicityinatopicsentenceorimplicitly 3 FeaturesofaParagraph Topicsentence Wenowhave asaresultofmodernmeansofcommunication hundredsofthousandsofwordsflungatusdaily Weareconstantlybeingtalkedat byteachers preachers salesmen publicofficials andmotionpicturesoundtracks Thecriesofadvertiserspursueusintoourveryhomes thankstotheradio andinsomehousestheradioisneverturnedofffrommorningtonight Dailythenewsboybringsus inlargecities fromthirtytofiftyenormouspagesofprint andalmostthreetimesthatamountonSunday Wegooutandgetmorewordsatbookstoresandlibraries Wordsfillourlives 4 FeaturesofaParagraph HasnewinformationIsspecificIsgeneralenoughtoinviteexplorationofthetopicIsstrongIsnotanannouncement Topicsentence Agoodtopicsentence a Wewenttotheshowlastnight b Wehadaterribletimeattheshowlastnight 2 a Norrisisthebrighteststudentinourbiologyclass b Norrisisenrolledinabiologyclass 3 a Thelongestthreeweeksofmylifewerewhenourauntvisitedlastsummer b Ourauntvisitedusforthreeweekslastsummer 4 a IhadmyfirstdatewithClarencelastspring b MyfirstdatewithClarencelastspringwasadisaster 5 FeaturesofaParagraph Topicsentence Writeyourowntopicsentenceforeachofthefollowingtopics Makesureeachsentenceexpressesaparticularpointaboutthetopic Topic NightClassesTopicsentence Iprefertakingnightclassestodayclassestofitmyworkschedules 1 Topic Black andWhiteMoviesTopicsentence 2 Topic CapitalPunishmentTopicsentence 3 Topic RapMusicTopicsentence 4 Topic HorrorMoviesTopicsentence 6 Exercise Supplyatopicsentenceforthefollowingparagraphs Adogwillfollowhismasteranywhere butacatkeepstothehouseitisusedto andevenwhenthehousechangeshands thecatwillremainthere solongasitiskindlytreatedbythenewowners Acatdoesnotseemtobecapableofthepersonaldevotionoftenshownbyadog Itthinksmostofitsowncomfort anditsloveisonlycupboardlove Red forexample isthecoloroffire heat bloodandlife Peoplesayredisanexcitingandactivecolor Theyassociateredwithastrongfeelinglikeanger Redisalsousedforsignsofdanger suchasstopsignsandfireengines Orangeisthebright warmcolorofleavesinautumn Peoplesayorangeisalivelycolor Theyassociateorangewithhappiness Greenisthecoolcolorofgrassinspring Peoplesayitisarefreshingcolor 7 FeaturesofaParagraph Transition I vehadarealproblemwithmycarleakingoilonthedrivewaylately There sapoolofoiltwothirdsofthewayuponbothsidesofthedriveway There sapoolofoilinsidethegaragewhereIparkthecar Icleantheoilup Thenextdayit sbackagain Itookthecartoagaragetohavetheoilchangedandtheleaktopped TheproblemwasmoredifficultthanI dexpected Therearmainbearingsealwasleaking buttoreplaceit theenginewouldhavetobepulled Icouldn taffordthat soIhadtowaitandsaveupsomemoney Iputthreeoilpansonthespotswherethecarleaksoilwhenit sparked Ican tthinkofanyothersolutionfornow I vehadarealproblemwithmycarleakingoilonthedrivewaylately First there sapoolofoiltwothirdsofthewayuponbothsidesofthedriveway There sanotherpoolofoilinsidethegaragewhereIparkthecar AfterIcleantheoilup Thenextdayit sbackagain Finally Itookthecartoagaragetohavetheoilchangedandtheleaktopped However theproblemwasmoredifficultthanI dexpected Therearmainbearingsealwasleaking buttoreplaceit theenginewouldhavetobepulled Icouldn taffordthat soIhadtowaitandsaveupsomemoney Inthemeantime Iputthreeoilpansonthespotswherethecarleaksoilwhenit sparked Ican tthinkofanyothersolutionfornow 8 Exercise A inadditionB forexampleC infactD alsoE furthermoreTeachersofforeignlanguagesshouldbeextremelywell qualifiedinordertocarryouttheirdutiesproperly 1 ateachershouldpossessaminimumofagraduatedegreefromacertifiededucationschoolorinstituteifheistoteachhighschoolorbelow Besidestheacademicdegree teachersshouldnotconsiderteachingonlyasanoccupationforearningmoney theyshould 2 beinterestedinteaching 3 itwasnecessarythatteachersbeknowledgeableintheirmajorfields Theyshouldbeskillfulaswell 4 thelanguageteachermustknowthetargetlanguagewellenoughtobeimitatedbyhisstudents Proficiencyinthetargetlanguageincludesfoursskills understanding speaking reading andwriting Ateachershouldknowthelinguisticfactsofthelanguageofthestudentsinordertounderstandtheproblemstheywillhaveinlearningthetargetlanguage 5 theteachermustbefamiliarwithaudio lingualtechniques Knowingallthiswillhelpthestudentstolearncorrectlyandquickly 9 StepsinWritingaParagraph Step1 thinkofthetopicorthemeormainidea andexpressitinacompletesentence topicsentence Step2 thinkofthedetailsorexamplesorfactsthatmaybeusedtosupportorexplainthemainidea Step3 workoutanoutlinetoarrangethedetailsorexamplesorfactsinlogicalorder Withtheoutline theparagraphisalmosthalf done 10 WaysofDevelopingaParagraph DevelopmentbyTimeDevelopmentbyProcessDevelopmentbySpaceDevelopmentbyExampleDevelopmentbyComparisonandConrastDevelopm