TheAttribute I TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese payingattentiontotheAttribute 1 TherewasonethingdisturbingTom shedidnotknowMrsFlowerhadapetdog 2 Thereisonlyonethingleftformetodo 3 ThemoneythatMrsFlowerhadshouldbepassedtotherightperson 4 Doyouknowthethirdboyfromthebackofthefirstteam 5 Charlescomesfromawordmeaning manofthecommonpeople amanwhoworksontheland 6 AmanknownasTomKingcookmighthavebeenacookforaking 7 AmanwhoworkedasatailormightbecalledMrTailor 8 AmanwhowasthesonofJackmightcallhimselfJackson II Completethefollowingsentences Aman 摔断了一条腿的 waswaitingtoseethedetective Oneoftheletters 在科尔先生信箱里 isfromthepolicestation MrBakerisintheoffice 在二楼 justnexttothestairs withabrokenleg inMr Coal smailbox onthesecondfloor 4 Haveyoutalkedwith 不认识的 man 在侦探身边坐着 5 Theycansee 微笑的 faceseverywhereinthevillage 6 Couldyouletmehaveapieceof 写信用的 paper please 7 Intheendhefoundaway 解决这个难题 8 Isthereanynews 有关他是否遇见了那位年轻妇女 theunknown sittingbesidethe detective smiling writing tosolvethedifficultproblem aboutwhetherhehasmettheyoungwoman III 定语从句 一 关系词的确定与选择一看先行词 人 物 二看关系词在从句中的作用 主 谓 宾 表 定 状 补 三看特殊用法 1 在下列情况下只用that 不用which 先行词是all everything nothing anything little much theone等不定代词时Thereisnothing that Icando Imeantheonethatwasbroughtyesterday 先行词被all any every no some little much等词修饰时Ihavereadallthebooks that yougaveme Youmaytakehomeanyofthesebooksthatyoulike 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时 Thisisthefirstcomposition that hehaswritteninEnglish Thisisthebestnovel that Ihaveeverread 先行词被theonly thevery 正是 恰是 thesame thelast修饰时 Thewhitefloweristheonlyone that Ireallylike Thisistheverybook that Iwanttofind Thelastplace that wevisitedwasthehospital 当先行词有两个或两个以上时 既有人又有物 定语从句用that引导 that既可指人也可指物 Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschoolsthathehadvisited 2 下列情况不能使用that 而用which that不能引导非限制性定语从句Football whichisaveryinterestinggame isplayedallovertheworld that不能置于介词之后 介词后指物用which 指人用whom Theperson IamspeakingjustnowisourEnglishteacher Theprize heworkedsohardwasanewbicycle towhom forwhich 3 as做关系代词的用法1 关系代词常出现在thesame as such as so as as as等结构中ThisisnotsuchabookasIexpected Iliveinthesamebuildingashe livesin Asmanychildrenascamehereweremyfather spupils thesame that 和thesame as 的区别Ihaveboughtthesamewatchasyouhave 我买了一块和你一样的手表 我的手表和你的手表很像 但不是同一块 ThisisthesamewatchthatIlost 这就是我丢的那块手表 这手表和我丢的手表是同一块 such soniceaday 短语后缺少一个成分时 一般用as引导定语从句 so such that不缺少成分时 用that引导状语从句 It ssoniceaday weallwanttohaveawalkalongtheriver It ssospecialaday I llneverforgetallmylife that as Hereissobigastone nomancanlift Thisissobigastone nomancanliftit as that 4 as引导非限制性定语从句 指代逗号前的整个句子 即先行词 可置于句首或句末 Thiselephantislikeasnake asanybodycansee Marywaslateforschool asoftenhappened Asisknowntoall theearthisround 当as作主语时 后面常接下列句型 1 ashasbeensaidbefore如上所述2 asmaybeimagined正如可以想象出来的那样3 asiswellknown众所周知4 aswasexpected正如预料的那样5 ashasbeenalreadypointedout正如已经指出的那样6 asweallcansee正如我们都能看到的 as指代一句话和which指代一句话的用法区别当主句和从句语义一致时 用as 当两句语义不一致或从句为否定时 用which Hemadealongspeech wasexpected Hemadealongspeech wasunexpected Tomdrinksaloteveryday hiswifedoesn tlikeatall as which which 5 whose n表示所属关系 可变为n ofwhich whom 表示部分关系时 也可用部分关系词 ofwhich whom Thebuses mostofwhichwerealreadyfull weresurroundedbytheangrycrowd 6 关系副词when where why也相当于介词 on in at for whichI llneverforgettheyears weworkedtogether I llneverforgettheday IjoinedtheParty inwhich when onwhich when 7 介词 关系代词 的确定 介词 关系代词 在逻辑上作定语从句中的状语或定语 可以转化成一个单句 推断出其需要的介词 ThestoriesabouttheLongMarch thisisoneexample arewellwritten Thisisoneexampleofthestories ofwhich 8 定语从句中关系词的省略情况 1 关系代词作定语从句的宾语可以省去 作主语或介词提前时 不能省略 2 在reason way time作先行词时 后面的关系词可用that 也可以省略 Iadmiredtheway that heansweredthisquestion 二 定语从句中的主谓一致引导词在定语从句中作主语时 其谓语动词人称和数要根据引导词所指内容而定 例如 1 Herearesuchsentencesas oftenusedbythestudents 2 I who aPartymember shouldworkhardforourcountry 3 Hewasoneofthestudentswho praisedforit 4 Hewastheonlyoneofthestudentswho praisedforit are am were was 三 易与定语从句混淆的其他复合句1 定语从句与同位语从句定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰的关系 的 名词 而同位语从句是用来说明前面名词的内容 与that从句同位的名词必须是一些表事实或概念的抽象名词 如fact news belief truth reply等 that在定语从句中作成分 可用which或who whom代替 而that在同位语从句中不充当任何句子成分 只起连接作用 试比较 Weallhaveheardthenews ourteamwon Wedon tbelievethenews hetoldusyesterday that 同位语从句 that从句表示news的内容 that在从句中不作任何成分 that which 定语从句 that作told的宾语 2 定语从句与状语从句 试比较 Heleftthekey hehadbeenanhourbefore Helefttheplace helivedformanyyears Heissuchagoodteacher allofusloveandrespect where where引导地点状语从句 相当于intheplacewhere where where引导定语从句 修饰theplace as as引导定语从句 Heissuchagoodteacher wealllikehim 3 定语从句与主语从句 试比较 isknowntousall paperwasfirstmadeinChina isknowntousallthatpaperwasfirstmadeinChina that that引导结果状语从句 such that 如此 以致 As as引导定语从句 指代整个主句内容 可置于句首 It it做形式主语 代替that引导的主语从句 4 定语从句与强调结构 试比较 Itisthehouse Imettheyoungman Itwasinthehouse Imettheyoungman where where引导定语从句 修饰house where在定语从句中作地点状语 that 本句为强调结构 可还原为Imettheyoungmaninthehouse ExtraExercises 1 Itistheyoungman lookedfor caughtthemurderer A that whoB that theyC they thatDthey which2 Isthisfactory wevisitedlastyear A whereBinwhichC theoneDatwhich3 Thebook thecover isbroken isnotmine A ofitB