TheNounClause 在句子中起 别作用的句子叫名词性从句 NounClauses 名词从句的功能相当于 词组 它在复合句中能担任 等 因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能 名词从句又可分别称为 主语 宾语 表语 同位语 介词宾语 主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句和同位语从句 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句 NounClauses 名词从句的功能相当于名词词组 它在复合句中能担任主语 宾语 表语 同位语 介词宾语等 因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能 名词从句又可分别称为主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句和同位语从句 一 引导名词性从句的连接词 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类 连接词 连接代词 连接副词 thatwhetherif 不充当从句的任何成分 whatwhateverwhowhoeverwhomwhosewhich whenwherehowwhy 不可省略的连词 1 介词后的连词2 引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略 Mendifferfrombrutesin theycanthinkandspeak that shewaschosenmadeusveryhappy Weheardthenews ourteamhadwon That that whether与if均为 是否 的意思 但在下列情况下 whether不能被if所取代 1 whether引导主语从句 包括从句在句首的位置 应当用whether 不用if 如 Whetheritistrueremainsaproblem WhetherhewillcomeiswhatIamnotsure 2 引导表语从句用whether 不用if 如 Thequestioniswhetheryoushouldacceptit 3 whether可以引导从句作介词的宾语 而if则不能 如 I mnotinterestedinwhetherthey llgoornot Itdependsonwhetherwehavegotenoughmoney 4 whether可以直接跟动词不定式连用 而if则不能 如 Ididn tknowwhethertolaughortocry Shehasn tdecidedwhethertogoornot 5 引导同位语从句用whether 不用if 如 Thequestionwhetherhe llattendthemeetingisessential 大部分连接词引导的主语从句都可置于句末 用it充当形式主语 Itisnotimportantwhowillgo 二 名词性that 从句 1 由从属连词that引导的从句叫做名词性that 从句 that只起连接主句和从句的作用 在从句中不担任任何成分 本身也没有词义 名词性that 从句在句中能充当主语 宾语 表语 同位语和形容词宾语 例如 主语 Thatheisstillaliveistrue 宾语 JohnsaidthathewasleavingforLondononWednesday It也可作先行宾语 把真正的宾语宾语从句放到句子后部去 Hesoonmadeitclear heaskedforaconference Theyhaven tmadeitknown theyaretoholdtheconference Itakeit youhavebeenout 我猜你刚出去回来 why where that 你们可以放心我们绝不会灰心 我听说他们赢了两枚金牌 注意别再迟到了 我肯定你会住在我们这里的 Youmaydependonitthatweshallneverloseheart Ihavehearditthattheyhavewontwogoldmedals Seetoitthatyouarenotlateagain Itookitforgrantedthatyouwouldstaywithus 表语 Thefactisthathehasnotbeenseenrecently 同位语 Thefactthathehasnotbeenseenrecentlydisturbseveryoneinhisoffice 形容词宾语 Iamgladthatyouaresatisfiedwithyourjob 2 that 从句作主语通常用it作先行词 而将that 从句置于句末 例如 Itisquiteclearthatthewholeprojectisdoomedtofailure It sapitythatyoushouldhavetoleave 用it作形式主语的that 从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系 a It be 形容词 that 从句Itisnecessarythat 有必要 Itisimportantthat 重要的是 Itisobviousthat 很明显 b It be ed分词 that 从句Itisbelievedthat 人们相信 Itisknowntoallthat 从所周知 Ithasbeendecidedthat 已决定 c It be 名词 that 从句Itiscommonknowledgethat 是常识Itisasurprisethat 令人惊奇的是 Itisafactthat 事实是 d It 不及物动词 that 分句Itappearsthat 似乎 Ithappensthat 碰巧 Itoccurredtomethat 我突然想起 三 名词性wh 从句 1 由wh 词引导的名词从句叫做名词性wh 从句 wh 词包括who whom whose whoever what whatever which whichever等连接代词和where when how why等连接副词 wh 从句的语法功能除了和that 从句一样外 还可充当介词宾语 宾语补语和间接宾语等 例如 主语 Howthebookwillselldependsonitsauthor 直接宾语 Inone sownhomeonecandowhatonelikes 间接宾语 Theclubwillgivewhoeverwinsaprize 表语 Myquestioniswhowilltakeoverthepresident 宾语补足语 Shewillnamehimwhatevershewantsto 同位语 Ihavenoideawhenhewillreturn 形容词宾语 I mnotsurewhysherefusedtheirinvitation 介词宾语 Thatdependsonwhereweshallgo 1 Itnowappears theyareinneedofhelp A thatB whichC whatD how2 Itisgoodnews theywillarriveinafewdays A whichB whatC thatD how3 It Joedrivesbadly A thoughtthatB thinksthatC isthoughtD isthoughtthat 4 It heislateforclass A maythatB mightthatC maybethatD mightbewhat5 Thisis shewasborn A whereB whichC thatD what6 Thequestionis wecan tgotheretoday A thatB whatC whichD when 7 Thequestionis itisworthdoing A ifB whetherC whichD what8 Thereasonhehasmadesuchgreatprogressis hehasneverwastedhistime A becauseB whyC thatD what9 Mysuggestionis weshouldturnthelandintoricefields A whatB thatC whichD where 10 Hisproposalisthatthedam atthefootofthemountain A buildB willbuildC bebuiltD willbebuilt11 Myadviceisthathe regularhouse A keepB wouldkeepC keepsD kept12 knowsthetruthwilltellyouaboutit A WhothatB WhoeverC WhomthatD Thatwho 13 Weallknowthetruth theearthgoesroundthesun A thatB whichC whatD whether14 Weheardthenews ourteamhadwon A whichB thatC whatD where15 Theproblem itisrightorwronghasnotyetbeendecided A whichB thatC whetherD if16 Youmustdowell theteacherasksyoutodo A whichB whatC thatD where