Inversion 张鸣 英语倒装句分为两种 整个谓语在前的句子 叫完全倒装 Thereisatableintheroom 部分谓语 情态动词 主动词 连系动词 在前 谓语的主体部分仍在主语之后的句子 叫不完全倒装句 Whydidyoudoitlikethat 一 完全倒装 1 Therebe句型 在therebe句子中 谓语是be exist live lie等表示状态的不及物动词 动词后的名词为句子的主语 句子的谓语应与最靠近它的主语相一致 Thereisnobodyintheclassroom Thereseemssomethingwrongwithmyradio Therehappenedaneventlastweek Therestandsatempleonthetopofthemountain 2 用于副词 here there now out in then up down away over off back等 开头的句子中 Thebuscomeshere Thechildrenwentout Thepricesgoupandout Thehorseswentoff Thebrownwavescamedown ThedooropenedandMr Smith ourheadmastercamein Herecomesthebus Outwentthechildren Upandoutgotheprices Offwentthehorses Downcamethebrownwaves ThedooropenedandincameMr Smith ourheadmaster 注 1 当代词做句子的主语时 句子不能倒装 Awaytheywent Backtheyfought Herehecomes Upitflew 注 2 地点状语提前 为了保持句子平衡且谓语是be stand sit lie等动词时 句子也常要构成完全倒装结构的句子 Abigsteelfactoryliessouthofthecity Thefrightenedsoundcamefromthevalley Asmallboysatinfrontofthefarmhouse Apictureofahorsewasoneverypieceofpaper Southofthecity liesabigsteelfactory Fromthevalley camethefrightenedsound Infrontofthefarmhouse satasmallboy Oneverypieceofpaper wasapictureofahorse 二 不完全倒装 1 Onlyinthisway makeprogressinyourEnglish A youB canyouC youbeabletoD willyouableto2 Onlywhenthemeetingwasover gobacktomeethisfriend A hecouldB hewasabletoC washeabletoD wasabletohe3 Onlyinthisafternoon thenovel A IfinishedB IcouldfinishC didIfinishD Iwasabletofinish B C C OnlyinthiswayyoucanmasterEnglish Onlythenwerealizedthatthemanwasblind Onlywhenthewarwasoverin1918washeabletogethappilybacktowork Onlybythismeansisitpossibletoexplainit canyoumaster didwerealize 1 only 副词 介词短语 状语从句位于句子开头时 Only 副词 介词短语 状语从句 倒装句 Notuntil enteredtheuniversity theimportanceoftime A hadmyson herealizedB mysonhad didherealizeC hadmyson didherealizeD mysonhad herealized2 Hardly asleepwhensomeoneknockedatthedoor A shehadfallenB hasshefallenC hadshefallenD shefellNosooner reachedthisconclusionthantheyagreedtoit A haveweB didweC hadweD couldwe B C C 2 在there here引导的句子中 谓语动词用come go follow enter rush occur等 Theregoesthebell Theregoesthethief Herecomesyourhusband 注意 主语是人称代词时 则不需倒装 Herehecomes Hereitis 3 在Nosooner than Hardly when Not until句型中 但从句不倒装 主句倒装 Hedidnotfinishhishomeworkuntiltheteachercame Nosoonerhadweenteredthehousethanitbegantorain Hardlyhadweenteredthehousewhenitbegantorain untiltheteachercame Not hedidn tfinish Notuntiltheteachercamedidhefinish hishomework 4 never hardly seldom little scarcely barely notonly not等具有否定意义位于句首时 Notasinglemistakedidhemake Littledidheknowwhothewomanwas Notonlydidhesmoke butalsohedrank NeverhaveIseensomanypeople 5 当句子中出现so nor neither用于表示 也 时 HehasbeentoBeijing sohaveI Ican tanswerthequestion neithercanhe 注意sodoI与soIdo的区别 SodoI用于说明前句所说的内容同样适合于另一个人 而soIdo则是用来肯定前句所说的内容 6 在so that句型中 so 提到句时 Socarelesslydidhedrivethathealmostkilledhimself 2 Soloudlydidhespeakthatpeopleinthenextroomcouldhearhim 3 Sofastdoeslighttravelthatitisdifficultforustoimagineitsspeed 4 SosmallwasthemarkthatIcouldhardlyseeit 7 If引导的虚拟条件句 可省略if 把should had或were放在主语前 1 Shoulditrain thecropswouldgrowbetter 2 WereIyourfather Iwouldnotgiveyouthemoney 3 Haditnotbeenforthecaptain theshipwouldhavesunk 在以上这些结构中 如果句子中只有be动词 而没有助动词 情态动词时 句子也应该构成完全倒装结构 Notonlyisheasinger buthealsoisadancer Sheismyteacher soishe Soexcitedwashethathecouldn tsayaword 1 as和though引导的让步状语从句中 a adj as s v S V Proudasthesenoblesare heisafraidtoseeme b adv as s v S V Hardastheytried theycouldnotfindthenecklace 三 其他 c n as s v S V Childashewas hehadtomakealiving 注 名词前不能加任何冠词 d v as s 助动词 S V Tryashewould hemightfailagain 注 在倒装句中 助动词仍出现在主语后是很少见的 2 however nomatterhow等引导的让步状语从句中 常将从句中的形容词 副词提到句首 紧跟在however之后 但从句的主谓语序不倒装 Howeverdifficultcomputerscienceis Iwilltrymybesttomasterit 7 在以often well manyatime nowandagain等方式或频度副词 短语 开头的句子中 要用部分倒装结构 如 ManyatimeJohnhasgivenmegoodadvice Oftenwehavemadethattest Alwaysthesoldierswenttohelpthevillagers Oftenwewarnedthemnottodoso WellIrememberthedayIsawawildtiger Manyatimedidhegoswimmingintheriver hasJohngiven havewemade didthesoldiergo didwewarnthem doIremember Suchwasthestoryhetoldme 注 such和be连用作表语时 也常用倒装语序 如 Suchwastheresult Suchwereherwords Suchwasthestoryhetold 8 分词 代词 be 主语 结构 如 1 Ourteacherwaswalkingattheheadoftheline 2 Agroupofyoungmenareseatedonthegroundplayingcards 3 Aboyagedaboutseventeenwaslyingonthefloor Walkingattheheadofthelinewasourteacher Seatedonthegroundareagroupofyoungmenplayingcards Lyingonthefloorwasaboyagedaboutseventeen 1 IfinallygotthejobIdreamedabout Neverinallmylife sohappy A didIfeltB IfeltC IhadfeltD hadIfelt2 Notasinglesong atyesterday sparty A shesangB sangsheC didshesingD shedidsing3 Notuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcentury whatheatis 4 Little abouthisownsafety thoughhewasingreatdangerhimself A doeshecareB didhecareC hecaresD hecared5 Atthegate asoldier uniform A lying inB lain wornC laid dressingD lay in6 Nosooner histalkthanhe theworkers A hefinished surroundedallB didhefinish didsurroundedC hadhefinished wassurroundedbyD hashefinished wassurroundedby D C D B D C 7 So thatnofishcanlive