Unit1LivingWell DiscoveringusefulstructuresRevisionoftheInfinitive 动词不定式的作用FunctionsofInfinitive 主语 subject 宾语 object 表语 predicative 定语 attribute 状语 adverbial 宾补 objectcomplement 1 Itisgoodtohelpothers 2 Itismyambitiontomakesurethatthedisabledpeopleinourneighborhoodhaveaccesstoallpublicbuildings 3 MyambitionistoworkinthecomputerindustrywhenIgrowup Identifyitsfunction subject subject predicative 想一想 4 Idon thavetimetositaroundfeelingsorryformyself 5 Iamtheonlystudentinmyclasstohaveapetsnake 6 Abigcompanyhasdecidedtobuyitfromme 7 MyfellowstudentshavebeguntoacceptmeforwhoIam attribute attribute object object 8 Ihavehadtoworkhardtoliveanormallife 9 SomedaysIamtootiredtogetoutofbed 10 Wemustcallonlocalgovernmenttogivefinancialassistancetodisabledpeople adverbial adverbial objectcomplement 1 不定式作主语 常用it作形式主语 Tofinishthisreporttookhimaweek Ittookhimaweektofinishthisreport 2 不定式作表语Toseeistobelieve WhatIwouldsuggestistoputoffthemeeting 3 Mywishistofinishthejobquickly 2 Myjobistohelpthepatients 不定式常用在系动词be seem appear get remain等后作表语 常用不定式作表语的主语有 aim purpose idea intention plan wish decision choice等 作表语 作定语 常常表示将来的动作 1 不定式做定语时常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后Shewasverybusyandhadnotimetovisitherfriends Ladiesandgentlemen Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou 2 当名词被thefirst thelast theonly等词以及形容词最高级修饰时eg Sheisalwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave 4 如果不定式是不及物动词 则后面需适当的介词Pleasepassmesomepapertowrite Shehasanicepentowrite Heboughtaflatforthefamilytolive on with in 3 也可用在have todo和therebe句型中 Thereisnoonetotakecareofher Ihavenojewelrytowear eg Hespokeloudly soas inorder tobeheard 作状语 1 表示目的 to inorderto soasto 2 表示原因不定式可以用在作表语的形容词后作状语 sorry surprised happy glad eager angry foolish right wrong slow quick rude cruel disappointed等 eg I mglad pleasedtoseeyou Weweresurprisedtohearthenews 3 结果状语 Wehurriedtothestationonlytofindthetrainhadleft onlytodo onlytobedone 表示意外的结果 1 Wehurriedtothestationonlytofindthetrainhadleft 2 Wehurriedtothestationonlytobetoldthetrainhadleft 作宾补 Ididn taskyoutopayforthemeal Theyhavewarnedustobecarefulofrats 接todo作宾语补足语的动词及短语有 ask advise allow beg want warn wish tell teach require permit forbid get help invite force encourage callon persuade等 不定式在下列动词后作宾语补足语时 要省略to 感觉 feel 听 hear listento 使役动词 have make let 看 see lookat observe watch notice 但当以上的动词用于被动式 to要还原 1 Theysawtheboyfallsuddenlyfromthetree Theboywasseentofallsuddenlyfromthetree 2 MothermadeJohnwashthecarforaweek Johnwasmadetowashthecarforaweek 动词不定式的时态和语态 一般式 完成式 进行式 完成进行式 todo tohavedone tobedoing tohavebeendoing 形式 主动 被动 tobedone tohavebeendone 1 Iaskedhimtoattendthemeeting 2 HeseemstobereadingEnglishpoems 3 HeissaidtohavetranslatedthebookintoEnglishlastyear toattendthemeeting动作发生在ask后 seem和read同时发生 强调动作正在进行 translatethebook发生在besaid之前 II 用所给词的适当形式填空 1 MoreandmorepeopledonotlikewatchingTV theprogramsseem get worseallthetime 2 Thepoemissaid translate intomanylanguagesinthepastdecade 3 Thefluisbelieved cause byvirusesthatliketoreproduceinthecellsinsidethehumannoseandthroat tobegetting tohavebeentranslated tobecaused 4 ThecrowdcheeredwildlyatthesightofLiuXiang whowasreported break theworldrecordinthe110 meterhurdlerace 5 Youaresaid write anewnoveltheseyears Haveyoufinishedit tohavebeenwriting tohavebroken 1 istolengthenlife 节约时间就是延长生命 2 Sheiseasy 她很好相处 3 WhenIcalledhim hehappened 我给他打电话时 他正在洗澡 III 根据汉语提示 用不定式完成下列句子 Tosavetime togetalongwith tobetakingabath 4 Thebookissaid 据说这本书已经被翻译成好几种语言 5 Theexperiencemakesusrealizethatmuchoftheworldremains 这次经历使我们意识到世界上有很多东西仍有待探索 6 Theteacheraskedus 老师叫我们不要如此吵闹 tohavebeentranslatedintoseverallanguages tobeexplored nottobesonoisy Thequestionisverydifficulttoanswer Theproblemisdifficulttodealwith 1 主语 be adj todo 能用于此句型的形容词有 difficult easy comfortable fit hard pleasant tiresome 使人疲劳的 interesting nice heavy dangerous light important etc 主动形式表被动意义的不定式 Theboxislightenoughtocarry Theriverwateriswarmenoughtoswimin 2 主语 be adj enough todo Thebooksseemedtooheavytocarry Theiceistoothintoskateon 3 主语 be too adj todo 动词后面跟V ing还是不定式 含义不相同 总的来说 表示习惯的 一般性的动作多跟V ing 一次性的具体的被动动作多跟不定式 1 Iliketogowithyou 我想和你一块儿去 重点 Ilikereading 我喜欢阅读 Hepromisedtohelpher 他答应过要帮助她 WelovewatchingVCD 我们喜欢看VCD 2 remember forget regret后面跟V ing时 表示过去的动作 后面跟不定式时 不定式表示将来的动作 Iremembermeetinghiminthestreet 我记得在街上见过他 Iremembertowritealettertomyparents 我想起来要给我父母亲写信 4 meantodo打算做某事meandoing意味着 Imeanttocatchupwiththeearlybus Thismeanswastingalotofmoney 5 trytodo设法尽力做某事trydoing试着做某事Youshouldtrytoovercomeyourshortcomings Tryworkingoutthephysicsprobleminanotherway