一、阅读理解(30分)1(6分) Mountain regions are not just playgrounds for the richer citizens on the planet, however. The disappearing snows of Mount Kilimanjaro are a worrying sign that nowhere is safe from the adverse effects of human actions. The United Nations has identified three main areas that need to be addressed to ensure the future safety of the worlds mountains. These are: the protection of mountain ecosystems, the encouragement of peace and stability in mountain regions, and assistance for mountain people to maintain their ways of life. From the busy cities of India to the farmlands of California, more than half the worlds population is dependent on mountains for their fresh water supply. Global warming, deforestation, mining and heavy farming seriously damage breakable mountain ecosystems and put vital fresh water sources at risk. Mountain regions host a large proportion of the worlds wars. From Afghanistan to the Balkans and the Andes to many parts of Africa, territorial (领土的) and drug related conflicts have damaging effects on the local environment and the lives of the local people. Fighting makes essential tasks such as farming impossible. Land mines make large areas of potential farming ground unusable. Also schools, roads, bridges and other important infrastructure (基础设施) are left in ruins. Mountain people are among the poorest, least represented groups on the earth. They face many hardships and each day can be, a test of survival. Damage to mountain ecosystems worsens their situation and leaves them even more unprotected to disease and natural disasters such as floods and landslides. Its been recommended that forest profit should be reinvested in mountain communities and the people living there should be given a stronger political voice. Their fate is in many ways directly connected with that of people living at sea level. There is an old motto for visitors to the countryside which advises them to leave nothing but footprints. It is still as relevant today as it always was. Unfortunately, the size of our footprints seems to be getting larger.(1)What the writer discussed in the previous sections is most probably about _.A.mountain ecosystemsB.mountain regionsC.mountain peopleD.mountain sports(2)The word adverse (paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to _.A.directB.harmfulC.positiveD.powerful(3)Wars have directly brought the following effects EXCEPT _.A.inadequate supply of fresh waterB.impossible farmingC.mountain peoples poor living conditionD.ruined infrastructure(4)Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?A.Mountain people have enough political voice to protect themselves.B.More money should be raised to establish mountain communities.C.Worsened ecosystems put mountain peoples lives under threat.D.Visitors to mountains have left nothing but large footprints.2(8分) Artificial intelligence (AI) technology may soon be a useful tool for doctors. It may help them better understand and treat diseases like breast cancer in ways that were never before possible. Rishi Rawat teaches AI at the University of Southern Californias (USC) Clinical Science Center in Los Angeles. He is part of a team of scientists who are researching how AI and machine learning can more easily recognize cancerous growths in the breast. Rawat provides information about cancer cells to a computer. He says this data helps the machine learn. .You can put the data into them and they will learn the patterns and the pattern recognition thats important to making decisions. David Agus is another USC researcher. He believes that machines are not going to take the place of doctors. He adds, Computers will not treat patients, but they will help make certain decisions and look for things that the human brain cant recognize these patterns by itself. Once a confirmed cancerous growth is removed, doctors still have to treat the patient to reduce the risk of cancer returning. The form of treatment depends on the kind of cancer. Currently, researchers take a thin piece of tissue, put it on a small piece of glass and add color to better see the cells. This process could take days or even longer. Scientists say artificial intelligence can do something better than just count cells. Through machine learning, it can recognize complex patterns, or structures, and learn how the cells are organized. The hope is that machines will soon be able to make a quick diagnosis (诊断) of cancer that is free of human mistakes. All of a sudden, we have the computing power to really do it in real time.We couldnt have done this, we didnt have the computing power to do this several years ago, but now its all changed. Agus adds that the process could be done for a