No part of this publication may be repro duced stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic mechanical photocopying recording or otherwise without the prior permission of the publisher Copyright 2007 ISBN No 0 9762057 8 5 Published by Metal Powder Industries Federation 105 College Road East Princeton New Jersey 08540 6692 U S A Tel 609 452 7700 Fax 609 987 8523 E mail info mpif orgWebsite www mpif org MPIF Standard 35 Materials Standards for PM Structural Parts Issued 1965 Revised 1974 1976 1984 1987 1990 1994 1997 2000 2003 and 2007 Scope MPIF Standard 35 is issued to provide the design and materials engineer with the information necessary for specifying powder met allurgy PM materials that have been developed by the PM parts manufacturing industry This section of Standard 35 deals with con ventional PM materials for structural parts It does not apply to materials for PM self lubricating bearings powder forged P F or metal injection molded MIM products which are covered in separate editions of MPIF Standard 35 The same materials may appear in more than one section of the standard depending upon their common use e g some structural materials may also be used in bearing appli cations and vice versa Each section of this standard is divided into subsections based on the various types of PM materials in com mon commercial use within that section Notes at the beginning of each subsection discuss the characteristics of that material The use of any MPIF Standard is entirely voluntary MPIF Standards are issued and adopted in the public interest They are designed to eliminate misunderstandings between the manufacturer and the purchaser and to assist the purchaser in selecting and obtaining the proper material for a particular product Existence of MPIF Standards does not in any respect preclude any member or non member of MPIF from manufacturing or selling products that use materials or testing procedures not included in MPIF Standards Other such materials may be commercially available By publication of these Standards no position is taken with respect to the validity of any patent rights nor does MPIF undertake to ensure anyone utilizing the Standards against liability for infringement of any Letters Patent or accept any such liability Neither MPIF nor any of its members assumes or accepts any liability resulting from use or non use of any MPIF Standard In addi tion MPIF does not accept any liability or responsibility for the compliance of any product with any standard the achievement of any minimum or typical values by any supplier or for the results of any testing or other procedure undertaken in accordance with any Standard MPIF Standards are subject to periodic review and may be revised Users are cautioned to refer to the latest edition New approved materials and property data may be posted periodically on the MPIF Website Between published editions go to www mpif org to access data that will appear in the next printed edition of this standard Both the purchaser and the manufacturer should in order to avoid possible misconceptions or misunderstandings agree on the following conditions prior to the manufacture of a PM part minimum strength value grade selection chemical composition proof testing typical property values and processes that may affect the part application 1 No part of this publication may be reproduced stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic mechanical photocopying recording or otherwise without the prior permission of the publisher TABLE OF CONTENTS Minimum Value Concept The Metal Powder Industries Federation has adopted the concept of minimum strength values for PM materials for use in a structural application These strength values may be used in designing for a PM part application It should be noted that the powder metallurgy process offers equivalent minimum tensile strength values over a wide range of materials It is seen as an advantage of the process that equivalent strengths can be developed by varying chemical composition particle configuration den sity and or processing techniques As an aid to the user in selecting materials in addition to minimum strength values typical values for other prop erties are listed This makes it possible for the user to select and specify the exact PM material and properties most suitable for a specific application The data provided define values for listed materials and display typical mechanical properties achieved under commercial manu facturing procedures Physical and mechanical property performance characteristics may be changed by the use of processing steps beyond those designated in this stan dard To select a material optimum in both properties and cost effectiveness it is essential that the part application be discussed with the PM parts manufacturer Minimum Value For structural PM materials in the as sintered condition the minimum value is expressed in terms of the yield