延续动词与非延续动词 动词按其动作发生的方式 发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词 一 延续性动词表示能够延续的动作 如 learn work stand lie know walk keep have wait watch sing read sleep live stay等 延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用 二 非延续性动词也称终止性动词 瞬间动词 短暂性动词 表示不能延续的动作 这种动作发生后立即结束 如 open die close begin finish come go move borrow lend buy等 用法 它们可以用于完成时态 说明某个动作的结果还存在 e g Hehascomeback Thefilmhasbegun 2 这类动词不能和表示一段时间的状语连用 但在否定句中 非延续性动词也可以用表示一段时间的状语来修饰 e g Ihaven theardfromUncleWangforalongtime Wehaven tseenhimsince1992 3 还可改用一般过去时来表达 e g Hecamebackaweekago 4 也可用 Itis 一段时间 since 句型来表达 e g Itisaweeksincehecameback 非延续性动词可以转换成延续性动词 主要有以下几种 用相应的延续性动词 buy have borrow keep puton wear catch getacold haveacold come go become be 转换成be 名词 jointheParty beaPartymember jointhearmy beasoldier gotoschool beastudent 转换成be 介词短语 gotoschool beinschool jointhearmy beinthearmy 转换成be adj adv die bedead finish beover begin start beon leave beaway from close beclosed open beopen fallasleep beasleep Themeetingstarted15minutesago Themeetinghasbeenonfor15minutes Thetrainlefthalfanhourago Thetrainhasbeenawayforhalfanhour Hebegantoteachhere16yearsago Hehastaughtherefor16years JamesstartedtoworkforMAPAdvertisinglastyear JameshasworkedforMAPAdvertisingforayear Hestartedtoplaychessattheageoffive Hestartedtoplaychesswhenhewasfive Hehasplayedthechesssincehewasfive Hehasplayedthechessforsevenyears Istartedtoworkhere15yearsago Ihaveworkedheresince15yearsago Ihaveworkedherefor15years TheymovedtoParistwoyearsago Theyhavelivedherefortwoyears Theyhavelivedheresincetwoyearsago 1 Iboughtthebooktwodaysago Ihavehadthebookfortwodays 2 Heborrowedthebookthreemonthsago Hehaskeptthebooksince3monthsago 3 IgottoknowJane2yearsago IhaveknownJanefor2years 4 IjoinedtheLeaguethreeyearsago IhavebeenaLeaguememberfor3years Eg 巩固练习 同义转换 每空一词 LiLeijoinedthePartythreeyearsago LiLeitheParty threeyearsago LiLeitheParty threeyears threeyearsLiLeijoinedtheParty ThreeyearsLiLeijoinedtheParty 2 MyfatherleftGuchenglastweek MyfatherGuchenglastweek MyfatherGuchengaweek hasbeenin since hasbeenin for It s since haspassedsince hasbeenawayfrom since hasbeenawayfrom for 3 Thefactoryopenedin1996 Thefactorytenyears Thefactorysince1996 4 Hisgrandfatherdiedfiveyearsago Hisgrandfathersince Hisgrandfatherfiveyears fiveyearshisgrandfatherdied Fiveyearshisgrandfatherdied Hasbeenopenfor Hasbeenopen hasbeendeadfor hasbeendead haspassedsince It s since fiveyearsago 5 Mr WangreachedBeijingfivedaysago Mr WangBeijingfivedaysago Mr WangBeijingfivedays 6 Thefilmbegantenminutesago Thefilmfor Thefilmsince 7 Kenjoinedthearmytwoyearsago Kenhas fortwoyears Kenhas thearmyfortwoyears Hasbeenin since hasbeenin for hasbeenon tenminutes hasbeenon tenminutesago beenasoldier beenin 8 Thefilmbegan10minutesago Thefilmhas for10minutes 9 Igotacoldtwodaysago Ihave acoldsincetwodaysago 10 Thefilmfinished5minutesago Thefilmhas for5minutes 11 Themancameheretenminutesago Themanhas herefor10minutes 12 LindaandFrank got marriedin1989 They since1989 beenon had beenover been havebeenmarried 13 Helefthishometown10yearsago Hehas hishometownsince10yearsago for10years 14 Myfatherboughtanewcartwoyearsago Myfather anewcar twoyears Myfather anewcar twoyearsago 15 Tomborrowedthisbookfourdaysago Tom thisbook fourdays Tom thisbook fourdaysago beenawayfrom hashad for hashad since haskept for haskept since 16 JimjoinedtheLeaguelastyeas Jim aLeaguemember ayear Jim theLeague lastyear 17 TheycametoChinatenyearsago They China tenyears They China tenyearsago 18 Mysonfellasleephalfanhourago Myson for Myson since hasbeen for hasbeenin since havebeenin for havebeenin since hasbeenasleep halfanhour hasbeenasleep Halfanhourago Translate1 你来深圳多久了 10年了 2 他没来上学 他已生病两天了 3 他入团一个月了 HowlonghaveyoubeeninSZ Fortenyears Ihavebeenherefortenyears Hehasn tcometoschool Hehasbeenillfortwodays HejoinedtheLeagueamonthago HehasbeenaLeaguememberforamonth 4 我们1989年开始在这里工作 自从那时以来我们一直在这里工作 5 他们一小时前到达这里 他们已经到达这里一小时了 6 他上个月借了我得自行车 他已经借了近一个月了 Webegantoworkherein1989 Wehaveworkedheresincethen Theyarrivedhereanhourago Theyhavebeenhereforanhour Heborrowedmybikelastmonth Hehaskeptitforalmostamonth 7 电影十分钟前开始的 已经放映十分钟了 8 你预定了票没有 定了 什么时候定的 刚才 9 他在一间汽车公司工作 他在那里工作已经有3年了 Thefilmbegantenminutesago Ithasbeenonfortenminutes Haveyoubookedtheticket Yes Ihave Whendidyoubookit Justnow Heworksforabuscompany Hehasworkedthereforthreeyears 10 会议8点钟就开始了 已经开了一个半小时 11 我的小猫三年前死了 已经死了三年了我还是非常想它 Themeetingstartedat8 andithasbeenonforonehourandhalf Themeetinghasbeenonforanhourandhalfsince8o clock Mycatdiedthreeyearsago Istillmissitthoughithasbeendeadforthreeyears 12 他三年前买了电脑 已经有这部电脑三年了Heboughtthecomputerthreeyearsago Hehashadthecomputerforthreeyears 13 Tony两个月前离开深圳 他已经离开深圳两个月了 TonyleftShenzhentwomonthsago AndhehasbeenawayfromShenzhenfortwomonths 14 Anne去年入团 她当团员一年了 AnnejoinedtheLeaguelastyear ShehasbeenaLeaguememberforayear ShehasbeenintheLeagueforayear