TextStudy I 1 1 TextStudy MainIdeas MainIdeas TheFormation DivisionandFallofIsrael Formation before16thcenturyBC belongedtoSemiticrace anddescendedfromAbraham 16thcenturyBC settledinnorthEgypt 12thcenturyBC enteredCanaan 1040BC 1012BC SaulbecamethefirstkingofIsrael TextStudy I 1 2 TextStudy MainIdeas Formation David kingofIsrael declaredthefoundingofaunifiedIsraelcountryandmadeJerusalemthecapital 1012BC 972BC 972BC 932BC SolomonbecamethekingofIsraelandbuiltimperialpalacesandcelestialtemples MainIdeas TextStudy I 1 3 TextStudy MainIdeas Division Israeldividedintotwokingdoms JudahandIsrael 932BC 914BC 722BC TheAssyrianKingsackedJerusalem AssyrianCaptivity andIsraelwasruined Fall 586BC BabyloniaKingattackedJudah andthenJudahandIsraelwerenon existentasindependentcountries MainIdeas TextStudy I 1 4 TextStudy MainIdeas Lateron AlexandertheGreatofMacedoniawithhispowerfularmy tookplaceofthePersianreign whichledtoatemporaryperiodoffreedomfortheJews ButitwasnottoolongbeforetheRomansarrived TheJewscouldnotbeartheRomans crueltyandsubsequentlyrevoltedagainstRomansasaprotestaboutthecrueltyofthelatter whichcostagreatlossofJewishlives Consequentlytheyhadtoleavetheirhomelandandwentonceandforallonacenturies longDiaspora Subsequently Jews footprintsspreadoveralmosteverycorner TheSufferingandDepartureoftheJews MainIdeas TextStudy I 1 5 TextStudy MainIdeas ofEurope yetfoundnosettlementinonecountryafteranotheralthoughtheydemonstratedtheirgreatcapabilitiesanddiligenceinwhatevertheywereengagedinorhappenedtododuringtheendlessexilesaroundtheMediterranean fromcontinenttocontinent countrytocountry sufferingfromracialdiscrimination persecutionandevengenocide However muchofJewishculturewassafeguardedandwellpreservedbyexiledJews MainIdeas TextStudy I 1 1 pop TextStudy MainIdeas MainIdeas TextStudy I 1 2 pop1 TextStudy MainIdeas MainIdeas TextStudy I 1 2 pop2 TextStudy MainIdeas MainIdeas TextStudy I 1 2 pop3 TextStudy MainIdeas MainIdeas TextStudy I 2 1 TextStudy InterpretationofCulturalTerms TheBabylonianCaptivity巴比伦之囚 TheBabylonianCaptivityreferstothecaptivationofBabylonia in586BC whohadconqueredthecityofJerandimprisonmentoftheJewsbyNebuchadnezzarII thekingusalem Theeventhadfar reachingimpactonthedevelopmentofJudaismandtheter laterhistoryofJewishculture TheJewsreflectedontheirhumiliationsandfrustrationsthattheyhadundergoneandpreparedthemselvesspirituallyforthelaterrevivalofJewishpeopleasanationandculture 巴比伦被掳指巴比伦王国的魅力 公元前586年 他已经征服了犹太人的城市Jerand监禁 尼布甲尼撒二世国王usalem 事件的发展有深远的影响犹太教和内涵犹太人反映在他们的屈辱和挫折 他们已经经历了 准备自己精神上后复兴的犹太人作为一个国家和文化 InterpretationofCulturalTerms TextStudy I 2 2 TextStudy InterpretationofCulturalTerms InterpretationofCulturalTerms TextStudy I 2 3 TextStudy InterpretationofCulturalTerms Jerusalem耶路撒冷 古代以色列都城 Jerusalemintheeast centralpartofIsraelintheWestBankisaholycitytoJews Moslems andChristians Thehistoryofcitycanbedatedbackasfaras4000BC OriginallyKingDavidsettledthere makingitthecapitalin1000BC butitwasdestroyedbyNebuchadnezzarin600BC ItwaslaterruledsuccessivelybyGreeks Romans Persians Arabs EuropeanChristianCrusaders andTurksandfinallybyGreatBritainunderaLeagueofNationsmandate From1967 Israelitookcontrolofthecityasthecapital InterpretationofCulturalTerms TextStudy I 2 4 TextStudy InterpretationofCulturalTerms InterpretationofCulturalTerms TextStudy I 2 5 TextStudy InterpretationofCulturalTerms Sadducee orZadokites 古犹太教的撒都该教派 AgroupofJewsopposedtothePharisees today sRabbinicalJews foundedinthe2ndcenturyBC TheyceasedtoexistsometimeafterthedestructionofthesecondTempleinJerusalem Herod sTemple in70AD AmemberofaJewishsect InterpretationofCulturalTerms TextStudy I 2 6 TextStudy InterpretationofCulturalTerms Essene古犹太教的苦修派信徒 AJewishreligiousgroupthatflourishedfromthe2ndcenturyBCtothe1stcenturyAD BeingmuchfewerinnumberthanthePhariseesandtheSadducees theothertwomajorsectsatthetime theEsseneslivedinvariouscitiesbutcongregatedincommunallifededicatedtoasceticism voluntarypoverty andabstinencefromworldlypleasures includingmarriageanddailybaptisms AmemberofanasceticJewishsect InterpretationofCulturalTerms TextStudy I 2 7 TextStudy InterpretationofCulturalTerms InterpretationofCulturalTerms TextStudy I 3 1 TextStudy ComprehensionExercises MultipleChoices A 586BC TheBabylonianCaptivityreferstothecaptivationandimprisonmentoftheJewsbyNebuchadnezzarII in B 450BCC 330BCD 586 ComprehensionExercises B MosesandDavidC JacobandDavidD JacobandSolomon TextStudy I 3 2 TextStudy ComprehensionExercises MultipleChoices A DavidandSolomon 2 Inhistory Israelitemonarchyprosperedwiththethreekings Saul ComprehensionExercises A 585BCC 1000ADD 588BC TextStudy I 3 3 TextStudy ComprehensionExercises MultipleChoices B 1000BC 3 Jerusalemwasestablishedasthecapitalin ComprehensionExercises PulitzerJosephB SaulBellowD Hemingway TextStudy I 3 4 TextStudy ComprehensionExercises MultipleChoices C Singer 4 wontheNobelPrizeforliteraturein1978 ComprehensionExercises A GreekB GermanicD Roman TextStudy I 3 5 TextStudy ComprehensionExercises MultipleChoices C Hebrew 5 Theances