学 海 无 涯 新视野大学英语 第三版 第二册课后翻译答案及原文 Unit 1 原文 English is known as a world language regularly used by many nations whose English is not their first language Like other languages English has changed greatly The history of the English language can be divided into three main periods Old English Middle English and Modern English The English language started with the invasion of Britain by three Germanic tribes during the 5th century AD and they contributed greatly to the formation of the English language During the medieval and early modern periods the influence of English spread throughout the British Isles and from the early 17th century its influence began to be felt throughout the world The processes of European exploration and colonization for several centuries led to significant change in English Today American English is particularly influential due to the popularity of American cinema television music trade and technology including the Internet 翻译 人们普遍认为英语是一种世界语言 经常被许多不以英语为第一语言的国 家使用 与其他语言一样 英语也发生了很大的变化 英语的历史可以分为三个 主要阶段 古英语 中古英语和现代英语 英语起源于公元 5 世纪 当时三个日 耳曼部落入侵英国 他们对英语语言的形成起了很大的作用 在中世纪和现代社 会初期 英语的影响遍及不列颠群岛 从 17 世纪初 它的影响力开始在世界各 地显现 欧洲几百年的探险和殖民过程导致了英语的重大变化 今天 由于美国 电影 电视 音乐 贸易和技术 包括互联网的大受欢迎 美国英语的影响力尤 其显著 原文 中国书法 calligraphy 是一门独特的艺术 是世界上独一无二的艺术瑰 宝 中国书法艺术的形成 发展与汉文字的产生与演进存在着密不可分的关系 汉字在漫长的演变发展过程中 一方面起着交流思想 继承文化的重要作用 另 一方面它本身又形成了一种独特的艺术 书法能够通过作品把书法家个人的生活 感受 学识 修养 个性等折射出来 所以 通常有 字如其人 的说法 中国书 法不仅是中华民族的文化瑰宝 而且在世界文化艺术宝库中独放异彩 翻译 Chinese calligraphy is a unique art and the unique art treasure in the world The formation and development of the Chinese calligraphy is closely related to the emergence and evolution of Chinese characters In this long evolutionary process Chinese characters have not only played an important role in exchanging 学 海 无 涯 ideas and transmitting culture but also developed into a unique art form Calligraphic works well reflect calligraphers personal feelings knowledge self cultivation personality and so forth thus there is an expression that seeing the calligrapher s handwriting is like seeing the person As one of the treasures of Chinese culture Chinese calligraphy shines splendidly in the world s treasure house of culture and art Unit 2 原文 A MOOC massive open online course is an online course aimed at unlimited participation and open access via the web MOOCs are a recent development in distance education and have now become a surging trend in higher education These classes are aimed at expanding a university s reach from thousands of tuition paying students who live in town to millions of students around the world In addition to traditional course materials MOOCs provide interactive user forums to support interactions between students and professors MOOCs can encourage communication among participants who bring a variety of viewpoints knowledge and skills to the course inspire people to try on subjects that they wouldn t otherwise pursue or even try on education itself provide multiple ways to engage with course material encouraging multimodal 多模式的 learning that can address the needs of learners with a variety of learning styles and inspire better teaching and use of technologies for face to face courses 翻译 慕课是一种网络课程 它旨在通过网络实现广泛参与和开放接入 慕课是 远程教育迈出的最新一步 现已在高等教育领域迅速引领潮流 通过这些课程 大学可以扩大影响的范围 从影响成千上万住在城里付学费的学生 扩展到惠及 全球上百万的学生 除了拥有传统的课程资料 慕课还给使用者提供互动论坛 支持学生和讲师之间的交流 慕课能够促进参与者之间的交流 使得多种观点 知识和技能涌现到课堂上来 它鼓励人们尝试之前不可能尝试的课程 甚至是尝 试新的教育方式 它提供多种学习课程资料的方式 鼓励多模式学习 以各种学 习风格满足学习者的需求 另外 慕课促进教学的改善 使技术在面对面授课中 得以更好地应用 原文 近年来 随着互联网技术的发展 我国的数字化教育资源建设取得了巨大 学 海 无 涯 的成就 很多高校建立了自己的数字化学习平台 数字化教学在教育中发挥着越 来越大的作用 和传统教学方式相比 数字化教学方式有很大的优势 一方面 数字化教学使教学资源得以全球共享 另一方面 它拓展了学习者的学习时间和 空间 人们可以随时随地通过互联网进入数字化的虚拟学校学习 这使得人类从 接受一次性教育走向终身学习成为可能 翻译 In recent years with the development of Internet technology the construction of digital education resources of our country has made great achievements Many universities have set up their own digital learning platforms and digital teaching is playing an increasingly important role in education Compared with the traditional way of teaching the digital way has a lot of advantages On one hand digital teaching makes global sharing of teaching resources possible on the other hand it expands the learner s study time and space to learn allowing people to get access to the digital virtual schools through the Internet anytime and anywhere These advantages make it possible for people to shift from one time learning to lifelong learning Unit 3 原文 As an important part of the American culture value system individualism is admired by most American people Americans view the family as a group whose primary purpose is to advance the happiness of individual members In contrast to many other cultures the primary responsibility of the American family member is not to advance the family as a group either socially or economically What would be best for the family is not usually considered to be as important as what would be best for the individual With freedom comes the responsibility to care for oneself for it is the freedom of ch