1984年版高中英语课本第一册LESSON 1 HOW MARX LEARNED FOREIGN LANGUAGES马克思怎样学习外语Karl Marx was born in Germany, and German was his native language. When he was still a young man, he was forced to leave his homeland for political reasons. He stayed in Belgium for a few years; then he went to France. Before long he had to move on again. In 1849, he went to England and made London the base for his revolutionary work. Marx had learned some French and English at school. When he got to England, he found that his English was too limited. He started working hard to improve it. He made such rapid progress that before long he began to write articles in English for an American newspaper. In fact, his English in one of these articles was so good that Engels wrote him a letter and praised him for it. Marx wrote back to say that Engels praise had greatly encouraged him. However, he went on to explain that he was not too sure about two things - the grammar and some of the idioms. These letters were written in 1853. In the years that followed, Marx kept on studying English and using it. When he wrote one of his great works, The Civil War in France, he had mastered the language so well that he was able to write the book in English. In the 1870s, when Marx was already in his fifties, he found it important to study the situation in Russia, so he began to learn Russian. At the end of six months he had learned enough to read articles and reports in Russian. In one of his books, Marx gave some advice on how to learn a foreign language. He said when people are learning a foreign language, they should not translate everything into their own language. If they do this, it shows they have not mastered it. When they used the foreign language, they should try to forget all about their own. If they cannot do this, they have not really learned the spirit of the foreign language and cannot use it freely. LESSON 2 AT HOME IN THE FUTURE未来的家 A medical examination without a doctor or nurse in the room? Doing shopping at home? Borrowing books from the library without leaving your home? These ideas may seem strange to you. But scientists are working hard to turn them into realities. Let us suppose we can visit a home at the end of this century. We will visit a boy named Charlie Green. He is not feeling well this morning. His mother, Mrs Green, wants the doctor to see him. That is, she wants the doctor to listen to him. She brings a set of wires to Charlies room. These wires are called sensors. She places one sensor in his mouth and one on his chest. She puts another one around his wrist and one on his forehead. Then she plugs the sensors into a wall outlet. She says the code TCP. This means telephone call placed. A little light flashes on the wall. The Greens wireless telephone is ready for a call. Mrs Green says 2478, the doctors telephone number. From a speaker on the wall comes the doctors voice: Good morning. Good morning, Dr Scott, answers Mrs Green. Charlie isnt feeling too well this morning. Ive put the sensors on him. I wonder if you can examine him now. Sure, the doctors voice says. Well, he doesnt have a fever. And his pulse is fine. Now, breathe deeply, Charlie. Charlie does so. Just a little cold, says the doctor. Better stay inside today, Charlie. And take it easy. Thank you, Doctor, says Mrs Green. TCC (telephone call completed). The light on the wall turns off. The phone call and the examination are finished. Charlie, says Mrs Green, since you have to stay at home, why dont you do some shopping? You can pick out your new bicycle. After all, your birthday is only two weeks away. Great, Charlie answers. Charlie and his mother sit in front of one of the visionphones. There are several in their house. TCP, says Charlie. The word ready appears on the screen of the visionphone. New Forest Bicycle Shop, a voice says. May I help you? Charlie answers, Id like to see your ten-speed bicycles. In the next few minutes, pictures of many models of the bicycles are flashed on the creen. The price of each model is also shown. Then the voice asks, Are you interested in any of these models? Yes, Im interested in model 6. Do you wish to place an order at this time? Not just yet, answers Mrs Green. My sons birthday is in two weeks time. Thank you. TCC. The visionphone shuts off. Such would be our home in the future.LESSON 3 THE BLIND MEN AND THE ELEPHANT 盲人和象Once upon a time there were six blind men who lived in a village in India. Every day they went to the road nearby and stood there begging. They had often heard of elephants, but they had never seen one, for , being blind, how could they?One morning an elephant was led down the road where they stood. When they heard that an elephant was passing by, they asked the driver to stop the be