人教课标 高二 选修 6 Unit 2,Unit 2 Poems,Subjunctive Mood,虚拟语气,虚拟语气（二） 本节课我们接着学习虚拟语气，主要学习if条件从句和wish宾语从句中表示过去情况的虚拟语气的用法，以及虚拟语气在其他从句中的运用。 【观察体会】 请看下图及对话，体会表示过去的虚拟语气的用法。,A: Why didnt Peter take his umbrella to work today? B: He didnt know it was going to rain. If he had known it was going to rain, he would have taken his umbrella to work.,A: I wonder why John ran by without saying hello. B: He must have been in a hurry. A: Youre probably right. If he hadnt been in a hurry, he wouldnt have run by without saying hello.,I didnt know how to get around the city when I moved here. I was so confused.,A: You know, I wish I had known how to get around the city when I moved here. B: Oh, really? Why? A: If I had known how to get around the city when I moved here, I wouldnt have been so confused. B: I know what you mean.,【归纳总结】,虚拟语气特殊句型,1. wish 的宾语从句,现在: 过去时（were） 过去: 过去完成时 将来: would/could/might + v. should,下面我们再来看看其他形式的虚拟语气的用法。,1. I wish I were a bird. (现在) 2. I wish I hadnt made such a mistake. (过去) 3. We wish our parents wouldnt punish us. (将来),I wish I were as tall as you. 我希望和你一样高。 He wished he hadnt said that. 他希望他没讲那样的话。 I wish it would rain tomorrow. 我希望明天下雨就好了。,2) wish to do 表达法 wish sb. / sth. to do,I wish to see the manager. = I want to see the manager. I wish the manager to be informed at once. = I want the manager to be informed at once.,2. would rather that,现在: 过去: 将来:,I would rather you paid me now. I would rather you had gone, too. Dont come. I would rather you came tomorrow.,过去时,过去时,过去完成时,3. as if /though + clause,现在： 过去：,过去时,过去完成时,在as if / as though后的从句中，常用一般过去时或“would / could / should / might + 动词原形”来表示与现在或将来的事实相反或不太可能实现的事情。,They talked as if they had been friends for years. He looks as if he were drunk.,She loves the baby as if it were her own son. It seems that it were spring. I remember the whole thing as if it had happened yesterday.,4. Its (about/high) time + that,过去时 should + v.,你该走了。,Its high time that you went. Its high time that you were going. Its high time that you should go.,我们该去睡觉了。,Its time that we went to bed. Its time that we should go to bed.,5. without和but for 构成虚拟。 but for要不是 Without sunlight, peoples life would be different from today. But for your help, I wouldnt have finished the work. Without your help, I would have failed. But for water, it would be impossible to live in the desert.,6. If only 要是就好了 If only I knew his name! If only we had followed your advice! If only I could see him again!,要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了! If only our parents could live with us! 要是我没错过火车就好了！ If only I hadnt missed the train!,7. 在主语、表语、同位语从句中，虚拟语气用“should + 动词原形”或动词原形来表示。这样的句型有：It is strange / natural / important / no wonder / impossible / necessary / a pity / . that .； My advice / suggestion / requirement / . is that . 等。,It is important that we (should) master a foreign language. It is strange that she refuse to come to the party. Its necessary that we should study hard.,8. 某些简单句的固定句型: Heaven help him! God bless you! May you succeed! Long live the Peoples Republic of China!,9. need “不必做”和“本不该做” didnt need to do 表示: 过去不必做某事, 事实上也没做。 neednt have done 表示: 过去不必做某事, 但事实上做了。,约翰开车去车站接玛丽, 所以她不必步行回家了。 John went to the station with the car to meet Mary, so she didnt need to walk back home.,约翰开车去车站接玛丽, 所以她本不必步行回家了。 (Mary步行回家, 没有遇上John的车。) John went to the station with the car to meet Mary, so she neednt have walked back home.,There was plenty of time. She _. A. mustnt have hurried B. couldnt have hurried C. must not hurry D. neednt have hurried,典型例题,答案D。neednt have done. 意为“本不必”, 即已经做了某事, 而实际上不必要。,mustnt have done用法不正确, 对过去发生的事情进行否定性推断应为couldnt have done, “不可能已经”。 must not do 不可以 (用于一般现在时),根据语境，用虚拟语气完成下列对话。 A: Why didnt you go to the movies with your friends last night? B: I wasnt in the mood to see a film. If _ _ _,I had been in the mood to see a film, I would have gone to the movies with my friends last night.,2. A: Why didnt you do your homework last night? B: I didnt bring my book home. If _ _ _,I had brought my book home, I would have done my homework last night.,3. A: I wonder why Mom went to sleep so early. B: She must have had a hard day at the office. A: Youre probably right. If _ _ _ _,she hadnt had a hard day at the office, she wouldnt have gone to sleep so early.,4. A: I wonder why my barber cut my hair so quickly today. B: He must have had a lot of customers after you. A: Youre probably right. If _ _ _ _,he hadnt had a lot of customers after me, he wouldnt have cut my hair so quickly today.,5. I didnt have my