1 牛津英语模块牛津英语模块 1 至模块至模块 4 语法总结及练习语法总结及练习 第一单元第一单元 一一 定语从句：定语从句：定语从句的介绍定语从句的介绍 1. 就像是一个形容词或介词短语修饰名词一样，定语从句也可以修饰名词。定语从句所就像是一个形容词或介词短语修饰名词一样，定语从句也可以修饰名词。定语从句所 修饰的名词称为先行词。修饰的名词称为先行词。 形容词：形容词： The green team 介词短语：介词短语：The team in green 定语从句：定语从句：The team who were wearing green 2. 定语从句通常由关系代词来引导，如定语从句通常由关系代词来引导，如 which, that, who, whom, whose,或关系副词来引或关系副词来引 导，如导，如 when, where, why。关系代词可以在定。关系代词可以在定语从句中担当主语，宾语，表语，定语；语从句中担当主语，宾语，表语，定语； 关系副词可以在定语从句中担当状语。关系副词可以在定语从句中担当状语。 如如：做主语：做主语 The trees which are on the school campus have lost their leaves. 做宾语做宾语 The student whom we saw just now is the best runner in our school. 做表语做表语 Jack is no longer the lazy boy that he used to be. 做定语做定语 She has a brother whose name I cant remember. 做状语做状语 The school where he studied is in Shenzhen. 二二 定语从句：定语从句：关系代词：关系代词：that，which，who，whom，和，和 whose 1. 在定语从句中，在定语从句中，that 和和 which 用来指代物。用来指代物。 eg：This is the story that /which we wrote for our storytelling contest. 2. 在定语从句中，在定语从句中，who 用来指代人。用来指代人。 eg：I am going to see a friend who has just come back from the UK. 3. 当当 who 在定语从句中做宾语时，可以用在定语从句中做宾语时，可以用 whom 来取代，且来取代，且 whom 比比 who 更正式。更正式。 eg：I dont know the name of the teacher who/whom I saw in the computer room the other day. 4. 当关系代词在定语从句中做宾语时，当关系代词在定语从句中做宾语时，who，whom，which 和和 that 可以被省略。可以被省略。 eg：He likes all the birthday presents(that/which)his friends gave him. 5. Whose 用来表示所属，它既可指人也可指物。用来表示所属，它既可指人也可指物。 eg：I sat next to a girl whose name was Diane. The club whose members are music fans meet in the school garden every Saturday afternoon. 第二单元第二单元 一一 定语从句：定语从句： 介词提前的定语从句 （介词提前的定语从句 （prepositionwhich; preposition whom） 1. 当关系代词（当关系代词（which/whom）做定语从句中介词的宾语时，可以把介词提到关系代词的）做定语从句中介词的宾语时，可以把介词提到关系代词的 前面。前面。 eg：We thought you were a person from whom we could expect good decisions. 2. 在非正式英语中，介词通常放在定语从句的最后。在非正式英语中，介词通常放在定语从句的最后。 2 eg：Art is the subject which I know little about. 3. 如果介词放在定语从句的最后，如果介词放在定语从句的最后，which 可以被可以被 that 取代取代，whom 可以被可以被 that 和和 who 取取 代。代。 eg：Dad is a person whom/that/who I can easily talk to. 4. 当关系代词做定语从句中介词的宾语，并且介词又放在定语从句的末尾时，我们通常当关系代词做定语从句中介词的宾语，并且介词又放在定语从句的末尾时，我们通常 省略关系代词省略关系代词 who 和和 that。 eg：The topic (which) Eric is interested in is Physics. Daniel is the person (whom) I want to make friends with. 5. 当先行词是当先行词是 way 时，我们用时，我们用 in which 或或 that 来引导定语从句，这种情况下，来引导定语从句，这种情况下，in which 或或 that 可以被省略。可以被省略。 eg：I didnt like the way (that /in which) she talked to me. 二二 定语从句：定语从句：关系副词：关系副词：when，where，why 1 我们通常用关系副词我们通常用关系副词 when 引导先行词是引导先行词是 time，moment，day，season，year 等的定等的定 语从句。语从句。 eg：Do you remember the day when we left you in charge? I often think of the moment when I saw the UFO. 2 我们通常用关系副词我们通常用关系副词 where 引导先行词是引导先行词是 place，house，city，country，city，world 等的定语从句。等的定语从句。 eg：The police searched the house where the thief had stayed. This is not a family where bad behavior goes unpunished. 3 我们通常用关系副词我们通常用关系副词 why 引导先行词是引导先行词是 reason 的定语从句。的定语从句。 eg：I dont know the reason why the house is so dirty. 4 在更加正式的英语中，在更加正式的英语中，where，when 和和 why 能够被介词能够被介词which 所替代。所替代。 eg：The study is the place where/in which I often have talks with my father. This is the reason why/for which my parents got home earlier. It rained the whole day when/on which he traveled with his family. 第三单元第三单元 一一 定语从句：定语从句：非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句 1 非限制性定语从句是一个为主句添加额外信息的从句，在非限制性定语从句前通常有非限制性定语从句是一个为主句添加额外信息的从句，在非限制性定语从句前通常有 个逗号。个逗号。 eg：Amy, who took weight-loss pills, now realizes that health is important. My pills are in the bathroom, where I always keep them. 2 当先行词是整个主句时，可以用当先行词是整个主句时，可以用 which 来引导定语从句。来引导定语从句。 eg：He missed the show, which was a great pity. 3 我们可以用我们可以用 allwhom/which 来表示全部数量，用来表示全部数量，用 some ofwhom/which 来表示部分来表示部分 数量。数量。 eg：I am doing different types of exercises, all of which are quite helpful to my health. Many people, some of whom are not overweight, are going on diet. 定语从句练习定语从句练习 1. Is this the factory _ you visited the other day? 3 A. that B. where C. in which D. the one 2. Is this factory _ some foreign friends visited last Friday? A. that B. where C. which D. the one 3. Is this the factory _ he worked ten years ago? A. that B. where C. which D. the one 4. The wolves hid themselves in the places _ couldnt be found. A. that B. where C. in which D. in that 5. The freezing point is the temperature _ water changes into ice. A. at which B. on that C. in which D. of what 6. The reason is _ he is unable to operate the machine. A. because B. why C. that D. whether 7. Ill tell you _ he told me last week. A. all which B. that C. all that D. which 8. That tree, _ branches are almost bare, is very old. A. whose B. of which C. in which D. on which 9. I have bought the same dress _ she is wearing. A. as B. that C. which D. what 10. Were talking about the piano and the pianist _ were in the concert we attended last night. A. which B.