新冠疫情高频词汇一、病毒相关 Virus新型冠状病毒 novel coronavirus肺炎 pneumonia新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎：pneumonia caused by the novel coronavirus / novel coronavirus-caused pneumonia病原体 pathogen中间宿主 intermediate host传染源 source of infection二代病例 secondary infection case * 二代病例：指被一代病例感染的本土病人隐性感染 asymptomatic infection 隐性感染：指感染了病毒，但无明显症状的病例潜伏期 incubation /kjuben/ period二、传播相关Spread传播途径 route of transmission飞沫传播 droplet transmission气溶胶传播 aerosol transmission接触传播 contact transmission垂直传播 vertical transmission人传人 human-to-human transmission易感人群 susceptible population密切接触者：close contact潜伏期 incubation, latent period粪口传播fecal-oral transmission 疫情 epidemic, outbreak散发 sporadic case爆发 outbreak流行 prevalence传染 contagion大流行 pandemic疫区 affected area输入性病例 imported case 输入性病例：指来自疫情流行区的病例，也称一代病例三、病例相关 Case感染病例 case of infection疑似病例 suspected case无症状病例 asymptomatic case重症病例 severe case确诊病例 confirmed case新增病例数 number of new cases累计病例数 cumulative number of cases死亡病例数 number of deaths治愈病例 cured case病死率 fatality rate基本再生率 basic reproduction rate四、症状相关Symptom咳嗽 to cough打喷嚏 to sneeze痰 sputum吐痰 to spit吸入 to inhale呼出 to exhale污染 contamination症状 symptom发热 fever头痛 headache乏力 fatigue干咳 dry cough鼻塞 stuffy nose流涕 runny nose咽痛 sore throat腹泻 diarrhea呼吸困难 difficulty in breathing生物学相关 Biology呼吸系统 respiratory system呼吸道 respiratory tract鼻腔 nasal cavity口腔 oral cavity咽 pharynx喉 larynx气管 trachea支气管 bronchi肺 lung黏膜 mucosa肺叶 lobe发热、咳嗽、呼吸困难：fever, cough and difficulty in breathing急性呼吸道感染病状：acute /kjut / respiratory / rsprtri / infection symptom五、防护设备Equipment医疗物资：medical supplies隔离 quarantine口罩 mask医用外科口罩 surgical mask防护服 protective clothing护目镜 eye shields, goggles鞋套 shoe covers手套 gloves一次性 disposable穿戴 to wear祛除 to remove消毒 disinfection消毒剂 disinfectant含氯消毒液 chlorinated disinfectant酒精 alcohol喷洒 to spray洗手液 hand sanitizer, liquid soap一次性手套：disposable gloves六、医疗相关 medicine临床试验 clinical trial核酸检测 nucleic acid testing试剂盒 testing kit疫苗 vaccine红外体温测量仪 infrared thermometer体温检测热像仪 thermal imaging camera for temperature monitoring感染者 infected person护理者 caregiver接受医学观察：be under medical observation紧急救治emergency treatment 外科处置surgical treatment 临床检验clinical tests 隔离病房isolation ward 观察室observation ward 盐水saline 防疫prevention and control of the virus 七、机构相关Institution世界卫生组织 WHO=World Health Organization卫健委 Health Commission国际关注的公共卫生突发事件 PHEIC=Public Health Emergency of International Concern国家卫生健康委员会 National Health Commission (NHC)美国疾病控制与预防中心 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention（CDC）应急医院 makeshift hospital重大突发公共卫生事件一级响应：first-level public health emergency response定点医院 designated hospitals 发热门诊 fever clinic重症监护病房 intensive care unit (ICU)检疫所 quarantine office药店 pharmacy; drugstore八、防疫相关Prevention疫情防控：epidemic prevention and control遏制疫情蔓延 to contain the outbreak封城 A city is on lockdown./A city goes into lockdown.延迟开学 to postpone the reopening of schools延长春节假期 to extend the Chinese New Year holiday（公共场所）消毒、通风以及体温检测disinfection, ventilation and body temperature monitoring (in public areas)取消大型集会 to cancel mass gatherings减少外出 to make fewer trips outside控制人口流动 to curb population flow两周观察期 two-week observation period新冠肺炎话题预测与回答示例类型一：普遍类1. What impact does new coronary pneumonia have on China and the world? What are the positive and negative effects?2. What impact does new coronary pneumonia have on your hometown?3. What impact has new coronary pneumonia had on you? What did you do during the outbreak?4. What national initiatives have effectively prevented the spread and deterioration of the epidemic? What do you think?and many more.类型二：专业观点类if your major is psychology, you may be asked how to properly adjust emotions during the epidemic. Another example is that your major is economics, then you may be asked how much impact the epidemic has on the economy? What measures can promote economic recovery?示例1：T：What do you think of the Western countries response to the new coronavirus?S：The western countries did not pay enough attention to the novel coronavirus in the early days of the outbreak. They did little to prevent the spread of the virus. People were still holding rallies and taking parades. Sports events and concerts were held as scheduled. Large crowds of people raised the risk of cross-infection and the number of confirmed cases increased exponentially. Western countries are very passive in dealing with the new coronavirus, which is not only irresponsible to their own people but also irresponsible to the people of the world. Our country faces severe risk of imported cases. I hope that China can shoulder its international responsibilities, cooperating with other countries to guide their epidemic prevention works and restore order to the world.示例2：T：Wha