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时 态,知识导航,2,一、一般现在时,1、构成 一般现在时常用动词原形,但第三人称单数作主语时,动词的词尾要加s或es,3,2、用法,表示经常性、习惯性的动作 I go to the park once a week. When do you usually have breakfast? 表示客观真理 The sun rises in the east.,4,表示主语所具有的特征、性格、能力、状态等 She is a middle school student. She looks a little worried. 某些以here/there开头的句子中,用一般现在时表正发生的动作 Here comes the bus.,5,表示将来发生的、时刻表上不改变的事 The train leaves Hunan at five oclock. 特殊情况 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,若主句用一般将来时,则从句用一般现在代替将来。(主将从现) Ill see you when I get there. If it doesnt rain tomorrow,well go shopping.,6,常与一般现在时连用的时间状语有: often 经常 usually 通常 never 从不 every day 每天 sometimes 有时 seldom 几乎不 always 总是 once a week一周一次,7,【翻译】,我今年20岁,住在北京。 I am twenty years old this year , and I live in Beijing. 火车将在一个小时后(in an hour)出发(set off)。 The train sets off in an hour. 她每天都走路上学。 She walks to school every day. 或:She goes to school on foot every day.,8,二、现在进行时,1、构成 现在进行时由“助动词be(am/is/are) + doing”构成。,9,2、用法,表此时此刻正发生的动作,常与now连用。 They are cleaning the room. Listen , someone is shouting. 与副词always连用,表达一种感情色彩。 She is always thinking of others instead of herself. Why are you always coming late?,10,有些动词(arrive,come,go,leave)的ing形式可表示将发生的、计划或安排好的事。 We are leaving here next week. She is coming to see me tomorrow. while后常用doing形式 While you are reading the book , he is sleeping.,11,常与现在进行时连用的时间状语有: now 现在 right now 现在 these days 这些天 at this moment在此刻,12,我认为他正在看电视。 I think (that)he is watching TV. 当我在睡觉的时候他正在听音乐。 While I am sleeping , he is listening to music.,【翻译】,13,【中考链接】,Look! there_ our dog.(2013 ) come B. comes C. to come D. coming,Look ! The sun _ , and it _from the west.(2013) falls down , falls down falls down , falling down C. is falling down , falls down D. is falling down , falling down,14,The man _ with his parents once a year. (2014 ) goes travel B. goes traveling C. is going travel D.is going traveling,She is doing her homework while her mother _ to her.(2014 ) A. speaks B. spoke C.to speak D. speaking,15,He is a lazy man . He _the dirty jeans every day.(2014 ) always wears B. always wearing C. always to wear D. is always wearing,You will know the truth after you _him.(2013) A. see B. will see C. are seeing D.to see,16,三、一般过去时,1、构成 一般过去时用动词的过去式表示。除系动词be的过去式有人称和数的变化外,其他动词的过去式无人称和数的变化。,17,2、用法,表示过去已经发生的动作,现在已经结束,常与相应的过去时间状语连用。 Tom fell ill last night , and he had to stay at home. 追述逝去的人或事。 Edison was a great inventor.,18,表示过去经常或反复发生的动作,可与always, usually, often, sometimes, never 连用。 He usually walked to school last year. I often ate noodles last week, but now I seldom like it.,19,常见的过去时间状语有: just now 刚才 yesterday 昨天 in the old days 在那段旧时光里 at that time=at that moment 在那时 a few days ago=the other day 几天前,20,去年他通常坐公交车去上学,但现在经 常骑自行车上学。 He usually went to school by bus last year , but now he often goes to school by bike.,【翻译】,21,四、一般将来时,1、构成 一般将来时态由“will/shall+动词原形”构成,表示将来发生的动作或状态。 We will/shall come to ask Mary for help.,22,2、其他表示,be going to +动词原形:表示说话人主观的打算或预测。 I am going to look for a job here. It is going to be a fine day for camping tomorrow.,23,be to do:表示已经计划或安排好的动作。 The president is to visit China next week. The meeting is to start early tomorrow.,24,be about to do:表示马上要发生的事,不强调主观。 The train is about to leave. be about to do when 正当时 I am about to leave when the phone rings.,25,注意:在从句中的将来时态,will要变成相应的时态。 She said she would help me if she finished her work.,26,他昨天说他很快将要离开。 Yesterday ,he said he would leave soon. 正当他要说话时,老师来了。 He is about to speak when the teacher comes.,【翻译】,27,五、现在完成时,1、构成 现在完成时由“助动词have/has+过去分词”构成,表示一件已发生的事与现在情况有联系,往往对现在造成一定影响。I have lost my key. The lift has broken down.,28,2、用法,常可以和just ,ever, already, recently, yet等词连用。 He has just left. Have you phoned him yet? (否定回答): No ,I havent.,29,常和for+时间段、since引导的时间状语、how long 连用。 How long have you known her? I have known her for three years. 强调直到现在为止的经历。 He has only been to China once.,30,在时间和条件状语从句中,用现在完成时代替将来完成时。 I will go home as soon as I have finished all my work. I will not let you go until you have finished your work.,31,和time连用的情况 This/It is the first time that I have seen a panda. 由since引导的从句中,主句用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时。 We have been friends since we met at school.,32,注意区别: have gone to:到某地去了,还未回来 have been to:到过某地,I havent seen John for days , where has he gone? He has gone to America for business. I have been to America.,33,他去上海待了一周。 He has been to Shanghai for a week. 我将在你离开之后告诉他们(after)。 I will tell them after you have left. 你找到你的钥匙了吗? Have you found your key?,【翻译】,34,六、过去进行时,1、构成 过去进行时由“助动词be(was/were)+doing”构成,表示在过去某一时间点正在进行的动作。 at that time 当时 this time yesterday昨天这个时候,35,What were you doing at 8:30 yesterday evening? I was watching TV. 【小试牛刀】 他们昨天这个时候正在吃晚餐。 They were having dinner this time yesterday.,36,七、过去完成时,1、构成 过去完成时由“助动词 had+过去分词”构成,表示在过去某一时刻或动作之前已经完成的动作,即“过去的过去”。这个过去的时刻常用by , before等介词短语来表示。,37,常与过去完成时连用的时间状语有: before that year 那年之前 by the/that time 到的时候 by the end of 到为止,38,By the time he got there , the bus had left. He had w
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