虚拟语气讲解及练习 一非真实条件句的虚拟情况: 句型条件从句 主句 对现在的 虚拟 were/didshould/would/could/might+v. 对过去的 虚拟 had doneshould/would/could/might+ have+done 对将来的虚 拟 1.were/did 2.were to 3.should+v. Should/would/could/might+v. 1. If I were you, I would go at once. 2. If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him. If she had told him about the danger, he would not have hurt. 3. If it were sunny tomorrow, I would come to see you. If he should fail in the experiment this time, he would try again. 4.混合时间条件句：主从句不一定用指同一时间的动词。主句和从句的 谓语动词要依照假设的时间而定。 If Paul had received six more votes in the last election, he would be our chairman now. If you had followed the teachers advice, you wouldnt be in the hospital. If you _that late movie last night, you wouldnt be so sleepy. A. havent watched B.didnt watch C. hadnt watched D.wouldnt watched 5含蓄条件句：有时假设的条件不通过条件从句表示而含蓄在介词短 语或上下文中。 (1) without 和but for (要不是) 构成虚拟。 Without ( but for ) the party, we wouldnt be so happy. We might have died without your help. = We might have died if you hadnt helped us. (2) otherwise , or ( 否则， 要不然) =ifnot He studies very hard, or/otherwise he couldnt study so well. I was busy last week, otherwise I would have come to see you. =If I had not been so busy last week, I would have come to see you. ( 3 ) if only后加句子 “要是就好了” If only I could learn English in one day. If only Jim had passed the exam. 假设虚拟条件倒装。 条件从句中有 should, were, had 三词，把 if 省略，将这三个词提到句首 If I were you, I would give it up. Were I you, I would give it up. If she had told him about the danger, he would not have hurt. Had she told him about the danger, he would not have hurt. 二虚拟语气用于宾语从句中。 1. wish引起的表示愿望的虚拟语气 现在： 过去： 未来： 过去时（were/did） 过去完成时(had done) would/could/might+V. should(不常用) wish +(that)+主语 + I wish I could buy a spaceship some day. I wish that he wasnt so lazy. The exhibition was so bored that I wish I had not gone to it. 现在： 过去： 未来： 过去时 过去完成时 过去时 2. would rather(that)+从句，表示“愿望”的虚拟 would rather (that) + 主语 + I would rather you had gone there. I would rather you stayed at home now 3.用于表示意愿,建议，命令，请求，提议等动词后的that宾语从句中， 用(should)+动词原形,这类动词有:ask, advise, command, decide, demand, desire, determine, insist (坚持要求,硬要), propose, order, require, request, suggest 一个坚持，两个命令，三个建议，四个要求。即1.insist 2. order, command 3. advise, suggest, propose 4. demand , require, request, desire She advised that we should keep the door locked. He suggests that she should leave the dangerous house at once. He insisted that she (should) show him her passport. 三 用于主语从句中。 （1）Its necessary /strange/ natural/ important + that-Clause 从句中的动词要用虚拟，即（should）+动词原形 It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign language. Its necessary that we should study hard. (3) Its + 过去分词 + thatclause 从句中的动词要用虚拟，即（should）+动词原形， 其中的为建议，要 求，命令的动词。如：insisted ,ordered , requested ,required ,demanded etc. It was ordered that the old sick man (should) be sent to the hospital at once. 四用于表语从句。主语为表示建议。要求，命令等的名词 如： insistence, order ,advice ,suggestion , ,requirement 等 My suggestion is that English test( should) be read aloud by students every morning. 五用于同位语从句His suggestion that students should wear school uniform has been agreed. 当suggest表暗示，insist 表坚持说的时候，从句不用虚拟语 气。 His face suggested that he was angry.(暗示) He insisted that he was innocent.(坚称,坚持说) 六用在as if(as though)引导的方式状语(表语)从句中,动词形式和wish宾 语从句的形式相同。 现在: 过去: 将来: 过去时 过去完成时 过去将来时 as if /though +主语 + You are talking as if you had seen them. He speaks English as if he were an Englishman. 七It is (about/high) time that+ 主语=should do/ 过去时 It is time that you should have a class.=It is time that you had a class. It is time that you should leave. =It is time you left. It is time for you to have a class.