Canada,By : Class 8,Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean. Spanning over 9,900,000 km2 (3,800,000 sqmi), Canada is the worlds second-largest country by total area, and its common border with the United States is the longest land border in the world.,The land that is now Canada has been inhabited for millennia by various Aboriginal peoples. Beginning in the late 15th century, British and French colonial expeditions explored, and later settled, along the regions Atlantic coast. France ceded nearly all of its colonies in North America in 1763 after the Seven Years War.,In 1867, with the union of three British North American colonies through Confederation, Canada was formed as a federal dominion of four provinces. This began an accretion of provinces and territories and a process of increasing autonomy; the Canada Act 1982 severed the vestiges of legal dependence on Britain.,Canadas diversified economy is one of the worlds largest, and is reliant upon its abundant natural resources and upon trade particularly with the United States, with which Canada has had a long and complex relationship. It is a member of the G7, G8, G20, NATO, OECD, WTO, Commonwealth of Nations, Francophonie, OAS, APEC, and United Nations.,The National Flag of Canada, also known as the Maple Leaf, is a red flag with a white square in its centre, featuring a stylized 11-pointed red maple leaf.,Its adoption in 1965 marked the first time a national flag had been officially adopted in Canada to replace the Union Flag.,The Arms of Canada is, since 1921, the official coat of arms of the Canadian monarch, and thus also of Canada. It is closely modelled after the royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom with distinctive Canadian elements replacing or added to those derived from the British.,Capital : Ottawa Largest city: Toronto Official languages: English and French,