科技英语翻译课程练习四精品文档科技英语翻译课程练习四答案一、词类转换1. 英语名词的转译1) Integrated circuits are fairly recent development.译文：集成电路只是近年才发展起来的。2) The air is made up of mixture of gases.译文：空气是由若干种气体混合而成的。3) He was a good calculator，so we considered the answer correct.译文：他甚得很好，因此，我们认为这个答案是正确的。4) The electrical conductivity has great importance in selecting electrical materials.译文：在选择电气材料时，电导率是很重要的。5) This experiment is an absolute necessity in determining the best processing route.译文：对确立最佳工艺流程而言，这次实验是绝对必要的。2. 英语形容词的转译1) When the switch is off, the electric circuit is open.译文：拉下开关，电路断开。2) Also present in solids are numbers of free electrons.译文：固体中也存在着大量自由电子。3) In fission processes the fission fragments are very radioactive. 译文：在裂变过程中，裂变碎块的放射性很强。4) Computers are more flexible，and can do a greater variety of jobs. 译文：计算机的灵活性较大，因此，能做更多不同的工作。5) With slight repairs，the old type of motor can be used.译文：只要稍加修理，这台旧电机便可重新使用。3. 英语动词的转译 1) The instrument is characterized by its compactness and portability. 译文：这种仪器的特点是结构紧凑和携带方便。2) Neutrons act differently from protons.译文：中子的作用不同于质子。3) The scale is marked to show the strength of the current in amps. 译文：度盘上的刻度表示电流强度的安培数。4) The earth on which we live is shaped like a ball.译文：我们居住的地球，其形状像个球。4. 英语中副词的转译1) Such robots controlled by large electronic computer impressed us deeply.译文：这种由大型计算机控制的机器人给我们留下深刻的印象。2) He routinely radioed another agent on the ground.译文：他与另一个地勤人员进行了例行的无线电联络。3) Sodium is very active chemically.译文：钠的化学反应性很强。4) Such details must be dimensionally correct.译文：这类零件的尺寸必须准确。5) Today chemical experiment is over.译文：今天的化学试验结束了。5. 英语中介词的转译1) There are many substances through which electric currents will not pass at all.译文：有许多物质，电流是根本不能通过的。2) The volume of a gas becomes smaller when the pressure upon it is increased.译文：当作用在气体上的压力增大时，气体的体积就缩小。3) This electric meter is of high sensibility.译文：这块电表具有很高的灵敏度。4) This alloy of copper, with antimony and tin, is very easy to work. 译文：在铜中掺入了锑和锡形成的这种合金很容易加工。5) Electrons revolve about the nucleus at tremendous speeds.译文：电子以极高的速度塗核旋转。二、分子成分的转换1. 主语的转译1) The molecules are held together by attractive forces.译文：引力把分子聚集在一起。2) There are three main laws of mechanics, or three laws of Newton. 译文：力学有三大定律，即牛顿三定律。3) Serious corrosion occurs in salt water.译文：在盐水中发生严重的腐蚀现象。4) In an absorption system，the refrigerant is usually ammonia.译文：吸收系统通常用氨作冷却剂。5) Care should be taken to protect the instrument from dust and dump.译文：应当注意保护仪器，避免灰尘和潮湿。2. 谓语的转译1) In the stomach, this acid functions to kill bacteria in foods. 译文：在胃里，这种酸的作用是杀死食物中的细菌。2) Water with salt conducts electricity very well.译文：盐水的导电性能良好。3) Gold weights about twenty times as much as water.译文：金子的比重约为水的20倍。4) Installing position of fuse box is selected in an adequate place for inspection.译文：为了便于检查，选择的保险盒安装位置应该适当。5) It concentrated on installing radio in ships.译文：它主要为船只安装无线电收发机。3. 宾语的转译 1) Steam turbines provide a relatively small loss of energy.译文：汽轮机所产生的能量损耗较小。2) It had iron frames and only two wheels.译文：机车的车身是铁的，只有两个车轮。3) Hot-set systems produce higher strengths than cold-set ones.译文：热固系统的强度比冷固系统要高。4) This operational amplifier exhibits high input impedance.译文：这种运算放大器的输入阻抗很高。5) Much later Heinrich Hertz demonstrated radio waves in a primitive manner.译文：隔了很久，赫兹用一种简单的方法证明了无线电波的存在。4. 表语的转译 1) Matter is anything which occupies space.译文：凡是占有空间的东西都是物质。2) Rubber is a better dielectric but a poorer insulator than air.译文：橡胶的介电性比空气好，但绝缘性比空气差。3) This metal is less hard than that one.译文：这种金属的硬度比那种差。4) At present some old types of engines are still in use.译文：目前，某些老式发动机仍在使用。5) A limited quantity of the reagents was available.译文：可利用的药剂数量是有限的。5. 定语的转译1) Goddard，s pioneering work continued almost up to his death in 1945.译文：戈达得一直在进行开创性的研究，直至其1945年去世。2) There are three states of matter solid, liquid and gas.译文：物质有三态:固态、液态和气态。3) The two lathes have the same efficiency.译文：这两台车床的效率是一样的。4) The selectivity measurement was then repeated.译文：然后重复测量选择性。5) A good mastery of this process will increase the output.译文：这种工艺掌握得好可提高产量。6. 状语转译 1) The device is shown schematically in Fig8.译文：这种装置的简图如图8所示。2) There are three TV cameras in our school，each having its own characteristics.译文：我们学院有三台电视摄像机，每台有其各自的特点。3) In this calculation，it made few mistakes译文：这次计算的错误不多。4) Electronic computers are getting more and more generally.译文：电子计算机运用得越来越广泛。5) Television has been successfully sent by laser too.译文：用激光发射电视也获得了成功。7. 补足语的转译1) Electronic computers are said to have been widely used in industry.译文：可以说，电子计算机已在工业上得到了广泛应用。2) They got the machine tool repaired in no time.译文：他很快把机床修好了。3) Gravitation causes matter to have weight.译文：物质因重力作用而直重量。4) Any body which is capable of doing work is considered to possess energy.译文：任何能做功的物体都具有能量。5) We call this process dissolving.