为了使语言简洁或避免重复，省略句中的一个或几个句子成分，这种语法现象称为省略。,Ellipsis,Look at these pairs of sentences. Discuss the difference between A and B in each pair, Also discuss which is the better sentence and why. A: You can get burned by hot liquids and you can get burned by steam. B: You can get burned by hot liquids and steam. A: Tie a bandage firmly over the burnt area. When a bandage is necessary. B: Tie a bandage firmly over the burnt area. When necessary. A: These burns are not serious and they should feel better within a day or two days. B: These burns are not serious and should feel better within a day or two days.,省略的目的 1。避免重复，减少累赘。 Mike said that he would come to school to see me the next day , but he didnt come to school to see me . 2。连接紧密，结构紧凑。 John was the winner in 1994 and Bob was the winner in 1998. 3.强调重点，突出信息 Truth speaks too low, hypocrisy(虚伪) speaks too loud.,句子成分的省略,1。主语的省略， I beg your pardon . You come in please. It sounds like a good idea. 2。谓语或谓语的一部分。 Is there anything I can do for you ? Is anybody here? 3.宾语或表语。 Lets do the dishes, I will wash and you will dry them . Where has Mr Smith gone? -sorry, I dont know where he has gone . 4.主语和谓语，或主语和谓语的一部分。 Are you hungry? I want orange juice ,please. 5.不定式to 后省略动词。 Would you like to come to the party? -I would love to come to the party. They do not visit their parents as much as they ought to visit their parents.,在并列句中，如果后面分句与前面分句有相同的部分，就常常被省略，以避免重复。有时省略也出现在前一个分句，或前后两个分句都出现省略。 Rewrite these sentences by taking out the unnecessary parts. 1.The skin is an essential part of your body and the skin is your bodys largest organ. The skin is an essential part of your body and its largest organ. 2.These burns affect the top layer of the skin and they also affect the second layer of the skin. These burns affect both the top and the second layer of the skin . 3.He went to the doctor because he had to go the doctor. 4.Someone borrowed my pen, but I dont remember who borrowed it .,2,Ellipsis,3,在状语从句中，如果谓语动词是be ，主语和主句的主语是一致的或主语是it .主语和be 常可以省略。 1.He trembled a little while he was doing so. 2.The exhibition is more interesting that it was expected . 3.Though he was exhausted, he stayed up late . 4.You work hard when you are young ,or you will regret . 5.While I was walking along the street , I heard my name called . 6.My father was reading the book while my mom was cooking 7.I see the city from the top of the hill, the city looks like a big garden.,exercise,1.When _, the museum will be open to the public next year. A completed . B completing . C being completed. D to be completed . 2.When first _ to the market ,these products enjoyed great success. A introducing . B introduced . C introduce. D being introduced . 3._with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all . A compare. B when comparing . C comparing . D when compared. 4.The research is so designed that once _nothing can be done to change it . A begins . B having begun . C beginning . D begun .,在虚拟条件从句中有were ,had 或 should 时可省略if. 把were ,had ,should 提到句首。构成部分倒装句式。在表示建议，命令，要求等时，相关的名词性从句谓语动词要求用should +v. should可以省略。 If he had taken my advice, he would have succeed . had he taken my advice, he would have succeed. It is suggested that we should go to see the film. It is suggested that we go to see the film .,exercise,1._fired , your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off . A would you be, B should you be . C could you be . D sounds. 2._it rain tomorrow ,we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge. A were. B should . C would . D will . 3.What would have happened _ as far as the river bank? A Bob had walked farther . B if Bob should walk farther . C had Bob walked farther . D if Bob walked farther . 4.Janes pale face suggested that she _ill, and her parents suggested that she _a medical examination . A be ,should have. B was , have . C should be , had . D was ,has . 5._be sent to work there? A ,who do you suggest. B who do you suggest that should . C Do you suggest who should . D, Do you suggest .,4,定语从句与名词性从句的省略。 1。在限制性定语从句中，做宾语用的关系代词whom, which, that 可以省略。 The girl (who/that /whom) the teacher spoke to is Li Ling . 2.在say, know, think, consider等动词后所接的宾语从句中，连词that 可以省略。 He said (that ) the text was very important and that we should learn it by heart . 3.由which ,when ,where, how why引导的宾语从句，可全部或部分省略。 He will come back, but he doesnt know when (he will come back). 4.先行词the way 意为方式，方法时，后面可省略关系词。 Can you tell the way I learn the English well? 5.先行词为the time, the moment , the minute . Every time 等时，可省去关系词（此时“先行词+从句”含义上相当于一个时间状语从句）。 She always brings me many snacks every time she drops in.,exercise,1.That is an unpleasant thing to say about your father after _ he s done for you A something. B anything. C all . D that . 2.Playing tricks on others is _we should never do. A anything. B something . C everything. D nothing . 3.What surprised me was not what he said but _he said it .