精品资源初中试炼Unit 7 Whats the highest mountain in the world?【重点短语】1. as big as 与一样大2. one of the oldest countries 最古老的国家之一3. feel free to do sth. 随意地做某事4. as far as I know 据我所知5. man-made objects 人造物体6. part of. . 的组成部分7. the highest mountain 最高的山脉8. in the world 在世界上9. any other mountain 其它任何一座山10. of all the salt lakes 在所有的咸水湖中11. run along 跨越12. freezing weather 冰冻的天气13. take in air 呼吸空气14. the first people to do sth. 第一个做某事的人15. in the face of difficulties 面临危险16. give up doing sth. 放弃做某事17. achieve one s dream 实现某人的梦想18. the forces of nature 自然界的力量19. reach the top 到达顶峰20. even though 虽然;尽管21. at birth 在出生的时候22. be awake 醒着23. run over with excitement 兴奋地跑过去24. walk into sb. 撞到某人25. fall over 摔倒26. take care of 照顾;照料27. every two years 每两年28. cut down the forests 砍伐林木29. endangered animals 濒危动物30. fewer and fewer pandas 大熊猫越来越少31. be in danger 处于危险之中32. the importance of saving these animals 拯救这些动物的重要性【重点句型】1.It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top. 当你接近山顶时，连呼吸都会困难。2.One of the main reasons is because people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties. 其中的一个主要的原因是人们想要在面临困难时挑战自己。3.The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams. 这些登山者的精神向我们证明：我们永远都不应该放弃实现自己的梦想。4. How high is Qomolangma? 穆朗玛峰有多高?5. Although Japan is older than Canada，it is much smaller.虽然日本比加拿大有更悠久的历史，但是日本比加拿大小多了。6.Adult pandas spend more than 12 hours a day eating about 10 kilos of bamboo. 成年大熊猫一天要花1 2 个多小时的时间吃大约十千克竹子。【词汇讲解】1. populationpopulation意为“人口”时，是一个集体名词，被看作一个整体，在句中做主语时，后面的谓语动词用单数形式。例如：The population ofChinais large.中国人口众多。【拓展】(1) 当表示一个城市、地区或国家有多少人口时，常用以下两种结构，即“the population of + 某地 + is + 数词”或“某地 + has a population of + 数词”。例如：The population of London is over ten million. =London has a population of over ten million.伦敦的人口超过一千万。(2) population可与large，small搭配，但不能与many，few搭配。例如：The city with its large population has become crowded.这个人口众多的城市变得拥挤不堪了。(3) 询问人口数量常用what或how large。例如：Whats the population of the city? =How large is the population of the city?这个城市有多少人口?(4) population前有修饰词，如分数、百分数时，表示整体人口中的一部分，谓语动词用复数形式。例如：One half of the population of the city are farmers.这个城市的一半人口是农民。2. protectprotect作及物动词，意为“保护”。常用搭配protect sb./sth. from/against，意为“保护某人/某物免受伤害”。例如：We should protect rare animals.我们应该保护珍稀动物。Parents protect their young from danger.父母保护他们的儿女不受伤害。3. includeinclude作动词，意为“包括;包含”。例如：The price for the hotel includes breakfast.旅店的费用包括早餐在内。The parcel included a dictionary.那包裹里有一本字典。【拓展】including除了是include的现在分词/动名词之外，在日常运用中一般被当作介词使用，和其后的名词/代词一起形成介宾短语，意思是“包括在内”。例如：There are many different kinds of moon cakes, including fruit, coffee and ham.有很多种月饼，包括水果的，咖啡的和火腿月饼。同样，included也有介词用法，且：including + 宾语 = 宾语 + included。所以上个例句亦可写成：There are 40 students in the classroom, me included.4. succeedsucceed作不及物动词，意为“成功”;表示做某事做成功了，succeed 后通常接in doing sth。例如：His plan succeeded.他的计划成功了。At last he succeeded in solving the problem.他终于把那个问题解决了。She succeeded in passing the exam. 她考试及格了。【拓展】(1)success 表示抽象意义的“成功”，作不可数名词;表示具体意义的“成功的人或事”, 则是可数名词。例如：Failure is the mother of success.失败是成功之母。His new book was a great success.他新出版的书获得了巨大成功。(2)successful作形容词，意为“成功的”。例如：The performance was successful. 演出很成功。It was a successful experiment.那是一次成功的试验。5. achieve(1)achieve作及物动词，意为“完成;实现”。例如：You will never achieve anything if you spend your time that way.你若总是这样消磨时间，就永远不会有所成就。Everybody should be given the chance to achieve their aims.要让每个人都有机会实现自己的目标。No one can achieve anything without effort.谁也不可能不努力而有所作为。(2)achieve作及物动词，意为“达到;赢得”。例如：The actor achieved fame when he was only nineteen.那位演员十九岁时就成名了。She achieved no success. 她没有获得成功。【拓展】achievement作名词，意为“成就;成绩”。例如：The invention of the computer is a great achievement.发明电脑是一大成就。6. force(1)force作名词，意为“力;力量;武力”。例如：The force of the explosion broke all the windows in the building.爆炸的力量震碎了这座建筑上的所有窗户。The law should remain in force.法律应当有效力。Well settle the problem by force if necessary.如果有必要的话，我们会用武力解决这个问题。(2)force作动词，意为“强迫”。force sb. to do sth.意为“强迫某人做某事”。例如：I cant force him to stay.我不能强迫他暂时留下来。7. weighweigh表示“称的重量”，是及物动词;表示“重(多少)”，是不及物动词。He weighed the fish. 他称了这条鱼。Do you often weigh yourself? 你经常称体重吗?【拓展】weight是名词，意为“重量，体重”。例如：Whats your weight? 你体重是多少?比较：by weight 和 in weight by weight表示“按重量”，in weight表示“重量上”。例如：Do they charge carriage by weight?他们是按重量收取运费吗?Its smaller in size but greater in weight.它体积比较小，但分量比较重。8. take intake in意为“吸入;吞入(体内)”。例如：On weekends the Smiths usually drive to the countryside and take in the fresh air there.周末，史密斯一家常驱车到农村去呼吸那里的新鲜空气。【拓展】(1)take in意为“领会;理解”。例如：Before you translate a sentence, you should first take in the meaning of the words.动手翻译句子之前，首先要理解单词的含义。(2)take in意为“欺骗;蒙蔽”。例如：Law will protect the girl taken in and sold by the abductor.法律将保护那位被人贩子欺骗和拐卖的姑娘。(3) take