精品文档 . 沪教牛津版八年级下Unit 3 讲解及练习 基础知识： 短语 1.a kind of. 一种2.paper cutting 剪纸 3.up to 到达（某数量、程度等） ；至多有4.set off 出发、动身 5.tie.around 拴.在.的周围6.a piece of一片、一条 7.up and down起伏、上下波动8.at the front of 在.的前面 9.throw.into 把.扔进10.after dark天黑后、黄昏后 11.no more 不再、再也不12.look up 抬头看、查询 13.bring up 抚养、养育、教养14.million of 数百万 15.make.from.用.做成16.all the time 一直 17.turn.into 把.变成18.put on 上演 19.cut out 剪成20.be made of 由.做成 21.in the shape of 以.的形状22.close to 靠近 23.get one s attention得到某人的关注24.put up张贴、挂 句型 1.used to do sth过去常常做某事2.use sth to do sth 用.去做某事 3.be good at doing sth擅长做某事4.get ready for sth 为.做好准备 5.keep sb/sth adj 使某人 /某物. 6.be used to do sth 被用来做某事 7.be used to doing sth 习惯于做某事 8.make sb/sth adj 使某人 /某物. 9.as+adj原级+as 和.一样 语法：被动语态 1.No nets are required for this type of fishing. 这种捕鱼方式不需要网。 2.Cormorant fishing was once pratised in lots of places in South-East China. 曾经中国东南部很多地方从事鸬鹚捕鱼业. 3.A music show will be held in the school hall at 4p.m. on Tuesday, 4 May. 5 月 4 日星期二下午 4 点，将在学校大厅举行音乐表演。 说明：句 1 是一般现在时的被动语态，句2 是一般过去时的被动语态，句3 是一般将来时的 被动语态。 英语的语态有主动和被动两种：主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动 作的承受者。 1.基本构成 be+过去分词 Football is played all over the world. 足球风靡世界。 Is it made of bamboo? 它是用竹子做的吗？ 精品文档 . 2.基本变法 We Visited that factory last summer 主动语态 主语谓语宾语其余部分 That factory was visited by us last summer 被动语态 主语谓语宾语其余部分 宾语提前做主语，主语变为介词by 的宾语，谓语变为be+过去分词，时态根据主动语态来确定。 3.省去 by 的几个条件 (1)不知道、没必要或不想说出动作的执行者。 Rice is grown well there. (2)强调说明动作的承受者 I was sent to teach them English. (3)汉语中有“据说、大家说”等 It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house. 4.各种时态的被动语态 (1)一般现在时的被动语态 am/is/are+过去分词 I am often given gifts by Tom. The things on show are all made in China. Is the room cleaned everyday? (2)一般过去时的被动语态 was/were+过去分词 Jim was asked to go there. The visitors were stopped from leaving the top of the mountain by the heavy snow. (3)一般将来时的被动语态 will be+过去分词或者 am/is/are+过去分词 Lots of trees will be planted on the hill next year. The children won t be allowed to go out at night. Is the bridge going to be built by the workers next year? 5.特殊情况：复合宾语的被动语态 感官动词和使役动词在主动句中，其后的动词不定式不带to，但变被动句时必须加上to. 主动： The boss made her work for 10 hours a day. 被动： she was made to work for 10 hours a day. 练习： 1.-Didn t you see the sigh “ No Parking!” on the right? -Sorry, I didn t. But now I know parking _ here. A.wasn t allowed B.isn t allowed C.won t allow D.doesn t allow 2.Annie _ to the party. She had a wonderful time with us. A.invites B.is invited C.was invited D.has invited 3.-A new park _ in our hometown next year. -Really? Our hometown must be more beautiful. 精品文档 . A.will build B.will be built C.is built 4.-Excuse me, I m looking for Be the Best of Yourself. -Sorry. The book you ask for is _ out. A.is selling out C.is sold C.was selling D.will be sold 5. Each year quite a lot of food _ around the world. It s really time for us to do something. A.was wasted B.is wasted C.wasted D.will be wasted 6.Flowers _ along the road last year. A.plant B.planted C.are planted D.were planted 7. It is said a new museum _ in our city next year. A.builds B.is building C.will be built D.was built 8.-Does she like singing English songs? -Yes, she_ to sing English songs in her room. A.often does B.is often heard C.often hears D.often heard 练习： 一、根据提示完成单词 1. What does your mother look like? Can you d_ her? 2. Tom often takes exercise, so he is very f_. 3. You need a pair of s_ to make paper cuttings. 4. The flight will r_ Beijing at 9:00. Let s pick her up at the airport. 5. My grandfather is a f_. He makes a living by fishing. 二、用所给词语的适当形式填空 6. Tom often practises _ (speak) Chinese with his friend. 7. There are two _(fisherman) on the boat. 8. Glass is _(made) into bottles. 9. Young trees require _(plant) in Spring. 10. I like the kite very much. It s very _(love). 三、单选 11. Half an hour _ , they returned school. A.late B.after C.later D.in 12.-Frog, Moyan s novel, please. -Sorry, it_ just now. But it will come out again soon. A.had been sold out B.is sold out C.has sold out D.was sold out 13. Today, the forests have almost gone; we must stop people _ down too many trees. A.to cut B.cut C.from cutting D.from cut 14. _ people come to Jilin to visit Mount Changbai every year. A. Millions of B. Million of C. Millions D. Million 15. I know _ about Japanese. You may go and ask him. A.a few B.few C.a little D.little 16.-Your classroom is really bright and clean. -It_ after school every day. A.is cleaned B.cleaned C.was cleaned D.cleans 精品文档 . 17.-How soon _ all the work_? -In a week. A.will;finish B.is;going to finish C.will;be finished D.are;going to be finished 18.-The bed looks very nice. What s it made _? -Wood, and it is made _ Shanghai. A.from;in B.of;in C.from;on D.of;at 19.-Look at the _,madam. The red sk