课程代码： 06269 工程应用英语课程自 学 辅 导 材 料 配套教材：专业英语 主 编：李 嘉 出 版 社：人民交通 版 次：2012年版 适应层次：本 科内部教学使用目 录第一部分 自学指导第1章：土木工程的基本知识1第2章：公路与交通工程2第二部分 复习思考题一单选题 3二填空题 15三阅读理解题 17四英译汉题 32五汉译英题 38第三部分 参考答案一单选题 41二填空题 41三阅读理解题41四英译汉题 42五汉译英题46第一部分 自学指导第1章：土木工程的基本知识一主要内容1土木工程中的职业2现代建筑和结构材料3公路测量4预应力混凝土5. 结构设计原理6. 土木工程合同二重点1土木工程中的职业（Careers in Civil Engineering）2现代建筑和结构材料 (Modern Buildings and Structural Materials)3公路测量 (Highway Survey)4预应力混凝土 (Prestressed Concrete)5. 结构设计原理 （Philosophy of Structural Design）6. 土木工程合同 (Civil Engineering Contracts)三难点1课文翻译。2单词记忆。第2章：公路与交通工程 一主要内容1交通运输系统2公路定线3线形设计4立交与互通式立交5. 路面6. 沥青面层7. 公路排水8. 高速公路9. 公路施工二重点1交通运输系统 (Transportation System)2公路定线 (Highway Location)3线形设计 (Design of the Alignment)4立交与互通式立交 (Grade separations and Interchanges)5. 路面 (Pavement)6. 沥青面层 (Bituminous Surface Courses)7. 公路排水 (Highway Drainage)8. 高速公路 （Freeways）9. 公路施工 (Highway Construction)三难点1课文翻译。2单词记忆。第二部分 复习思考题一单选题：1. Computers are _B_ unless they are given clear and accurate instructions and information.A. used B. useless C. useful D. uselessly2. Active _B_ _ for engineers often begins before the students last year in the university. A. employ B. recruiting C. hire D. firing 3. For the student who is preparing to become a _C_ engineer, these specialized courses may deal with such subjects as geodetic surveying, soil mechanics. A. computer B. social C. civil D. chemical4. The civil engineer may work in research, design, construction, _B_, maintenance, or even in sales. A. analysis B. supervision C. plan D. fee5. Civil engineers work on many different kinds of C . A. buildings B. projects C. structures D. roads6. In designing buildings, civil engineers often work as _B_ to architectural or construction firms. A. workers B. consultants C. employees D. students7. Dams, bridges and other large projects ordinarily employ several engineers whose work is coordinated by a _D_ engineer who is in charge of the entire project. A. main B. chief C. master D. systems8. Construction is a _B_ process on almost all engineering projects. A. simple B. complicated C. easy D. likely9. In compression, the material is _C_ together. A. stretched B. apart C. pushed D. tense10. When a saw cuts easily through a piece of wood, the wood is A . A. in tension B. in compression C. in press D. in push11. We defined _D_ as the tendency of a material to fracture along the lines of stress. A. tension B. compression C. push D. shear12. The principal construction materials of earlier times were wood and _C_,stone, or tile, and similar materials. A. steel B. aluminum C. masonry brick D. plastic13. Modern cement is a mixture of B . A. bricks B. limestone and clay C. wood and ash D. plastic14. Concrete is very D . A. constant B. the same C. definite D. versatile15. Steel has great tensile strength while concrete has great compressive strength, thus, the two substances _C_ each other. A. counteract B. offset C. complement D. nullify16. One system that helps _A_ concrete weight to some extent uses polymers. A. cut B. accelerate C. add D. keep17. The retention money serves to insure _D_ against any defects that may arise in the work. A. the manager B. the contractor C. the carrier D. the employer18. The civil engineering work must be completed to the satisfaction of the employer, or his D . A. wife B. friend C. lawyer D. representative19. For moderate and longer hauls, self-loading scrapers pulled by rubber-tired hauling units and push-loaded by tractors offer _B_ cost. A. higher B. lower C. the same D. different20. Highway maintenance activities can be grouped and classifie