（数控模具设计）塑料模具设计中英文翻译A.MoldComponetsMoldsusedininjectionmoldingconsistoftwohalves;onestationaryandonemovable.Thestationaryhalfisfasteneddirectlytothestationaryplatenandisindirectcontactwiththenozzleoftheinjectionunitduringoperation.Themovablehalfofthemoldissecuredtothemovableplatenandusuallycontainstheejectormechanism.Therearemanypossiblemolddesigna,includingmultiplepiecemoldsforplicatedparts.Onproductionmoldingequipmentmanyarticlesmaybeshotatthesametimebytheuseofmultiplecavitymolds.Theuseofabalancedrunnersystemcarriestheplasticfromthespruetoeachindividualcavity.Atthispointhematerialpassesthroughagateintothecavity.Thegateisarestriction,smallerthentherunner,toprovideforevenfillingofthemoldcavityandtoallowtheproductstobeeasilyremovedformtherunnersystem.Withmostinjectionmoldingsystem,thearticlescanbesnappedawayfromtherunnerorspruewithoutadditionaltrimming.Prouductsthathavebeeninjectionmoldedcanusuallybeidentifiedbyfindingwherethegatewasbrokenoff.Thegatewillusuallybelocatedattheedgeorpartinglineofanobjectorinthecenterofcylindricalproduct.Moldsareexpensive,asarethemachines.Yet,oncetheproducthasbeendesigned,moldsmade,andproductionstared,articlescanbeproducedinquantityatlowcost.Virtuallyallthermoplasticscanbeinjectionmoldedthroughvariationsinmoldandmachinedesign.Mold(anddie)partsthataremass-producedandstandardizedinshapeanddimensionarereferredtoas“standards”(or“standardparts”).Specializedoperatorsofmillingmachines,lathes,lathes,electronicdischargemachining(EDN)equipmentandgrindersproducemoldponentsindependentlyofeachother,followingdetaiedmoldpartdrawings.Finally,alltheseitemsetogetherwiththestandardmoldbaseandhardwareandareassembledbythemoldmaker.Today,standardponentsforthemoldmakingindustryaremarketedbyanumberofpanies.Fig.3.1.1illustratethestandardponentsforMolds.Table3.1.1Statusofstandardization(1998)ponentsforCompression,Injection,andDie-CastMoldPos.No.DenominationStandardDINISO1Plate,plain16760-16753-22Plat,drilledV16760-2/3SupportpillarDINISO10073100734Centringsleeve1675994495Locatingguidepillar1676180176Locatingguidebusch1671680187Ejectorpin,cylindricalhead1530-A67518Shoulderedejectorpin,cylindricalhead1530-C86949Ejectorpin,conicalhead1530-D/10Flatejectorpin1530-F869311Ejectorsleeve16756840512Spruepullerinsert16757/13Spruebushing16752-11007214Anglepin/840415Locatingunit,roundandfalt/840616Locatingring1676310907-110907-217Thermalinsulatingsheet167131560018Coolingconnectors16766/ 常州工学院BMoldConstructionTheconstructionofthemoldforinjectionmoldingbeginswiththeworkingdrawing.Fromitthetequirementsforthemoldcanbespecified.Thesewouldincludethematerialfromwhichthemoldshouldbemade,theavailabilityofequipmentformachiningthemold,andthemoldcapacityofthediesetonthemachine.Coldrolledsteelisanidealmaterialforlaboratorymolds,sinceitmachineswell,isfairlyinexpensive,andholdsupwellfornozzlepressureandwear.Itsmajordisadvantageisthatitwillrustquicklyunlessprotectedbymoldteleaseorwaxduringstorage.Complicatedmoldcavitiesneedspecializedmachiningandpolishing,therefore,circularcavitieswhichcanbeturnedandpolishedonthelatherequirelessequipmentandmachiningskill.Similarmoldsmayalsobemachinedfromaluminum,andtheyhavetheadvantageofnotrusting.Excessiveweardevelopsonthesprueduetothehighnozzlepressureonthesoftaluminum,butthiscanbeoverebytheuseofasteelcoverplateonthetopofthemold.Anothermethodofmoldconstructionisbythecastingprocessusinganaluminumfilledepoxyresin.Thistypeofmoldisparticularlysuitedtoproductsofintricatedesignandproductsthataredifficulttomachine.Thecastepoxyisstrongandgivesgoodsurfacedetail,however,itisbrittleandshouldhaveasteeltopplateattachedtoabsorbthewearofthenozzle.Apatternoftheproductmustbesecuredormadeandplacedonamoldplate.Thedragofasmallsteelflaskisplacedaroundthepatternandtheepoxyresinispouredtofillthemoldhalf.Whenthishalfofthemoldhasbeencured,thecopeisplacedoveritandtheremainderofthemoldpoured.Uponcuring,theflaskisremoved,allsurfacesmachinedsmooth,dowelpinholesdrilled,anddowelsinserted.Asteelcapplateshouldbeboltedtothetophalvesandthesprue,runners,andgatesmachined.Instructionsformixing,pouring,andcuringthealuminumfilledepoxyshouldbefollowedaccordingtothemanufacturersspecifications.2.HotRunnerSystemsHotrunnersareclassifiedaccordingastheyareheated:insulated-runnersystems(itisnotdescribedinthisarticle)andgenuinehot-runnersystems.Thelattercanbefurthersub-classifiedaccordingtothetypeofheating:internalheating,andexternalheating.Heatingisbasicallyperformedelectricallybycartridgeheaters,heatingrods,bandheaters,heatingpipesandcoils,etc.Toensureuniformflowanddistributionofthemelt,usuallyarelativelyelaborateaontrolsystemprisingseveralheatingcircuitsandanappropriatenumberofsensorsisneeded.Theoperatingvoltageisusually220Vto240V,butsmallnozzlesfrequentlyhavealowvoltageof5V,andalso15Vand24Voperati