一 阅读理解 垃圾分类二 阅读理解 上海首先开始垃圾分类，北京也跟上队伍了三 阅读理解 塑料回收大突破，科学家发现可以“吃”塑料的酶四书面表达 建设美丽家园一、阅读理解If you live in Shanghai, you might have taken a “lesson” in sorting (分类) garbage, as the city introduced new garbage-sorting regulations (规章) on July 1, 2019. As Chinas first city to carry out strict regulations on garbage sorting and recycling, Shanghai requires its residents (居民) to sort garbage into four categories (类别), namely recyclable, harmful, dry and wet waste. If people fail to sort their garbage properly, they can be fined up to 200 yuan. Since the regulation took effect, the amount of total daily waste in Shanghai has been reduced by an average of 15,500 tons, dropping 26 percent from the end of 2018, while the average daily weight of recyclables hits 4,500 tons, five times higher than the end of 2018, according to the Shanghai Landscaping and City Appearance Administrative Bureau. The city also rebuilt 21,000 waste-sorting stations and more than 40,000 waste bins have been updated (更新). The citys waste collection and transportation system (运输系统) is complete, according to the bureau. “Proper waste sorting protects the environment and saves natural resources,” said Deng Jianping, director of the bureau. “Led by the central government, Shanghai is making efforts to develop long-term solutions to garbage management.” However, there have also been some problems. Some people complained that it is difficult to deal with wet garbage, as they are asked to remove wet garbage from its bag when dumping (倾倒). According to the sorting rules, the wet garbage must go in the wet waste bin and the bag must go in the dry waste bin. This separation is necessary, as it ensures that the wet garbage will decompose (分解) properly and become useful organic (有机的) waste, the bureau said. Plastic bags can affect this process. Some people in Shanghai are instead using paper bags that can biodegrade（生物降解）or plastic containers that can be washed and reused, according to Xinhua.1. People in Shanghai are asked to sort their garbage into the _ categories.A. recyclable, dry, harmful and kitchen wasteB. recyclable, kitchen, dry and “other” wasteC. harmful, recyclable, dry and “other” wasteD. harmful, recyclable, dry and wet waste2. What does the third paragraph tell us?A. The garbage-sorting regulation has already brought improvements.B. Recyclable waste comes out to two-thirds of the total daily waste.C. In 2019, people produced less waste thanin 2018.D. Shanghai needs stricter rules to deal with waste.3. According to Deng Jianping, Shanghai _.A. has added more than 40,000 waste binsB. has had problems with garbagemanagementC. will help other cities make garbage-sorting regulationsD. is still looking for long-term solutions to deal with garbage4. What does “this process” in the last paragraph refer to?A. The process of sorting garbage.B. The process of dumping wet waste.C. The process of decomposing wet waste.D. The separation of wet waste and dry waste.5.This article tell us_. A. why Shanghai must sort their garbage. B. how Shanghai sorts their garbage C. the reason of the garbage-sorting regulation and some achievement. Dhow to protect our environment四 阅读理解 When Shanghai introduced a new garbage-sorting policy in July last year, the citys residents (居民) took some time to get used to it. They joked that every time they took out their garbage, the staff (工作人员) standing by the bins would ask, “What kind of garbage are you?”Starting on May 1, Beijing joined many Chinese cities by introducing a new garbage-sorting policy, Peoples Daily reported. Residents should sort their garbage into four groups: kitchen, recyclable, hazardous (有害的) and other waste.These groups are represented (代表) by four different colors of trash bins green, blue, red and gray. Those who fail to sort their trash correctly may face fines of up to 200 yuan, Xinhua reported.The way Beijing sorts its trash sounds different from cities like Shanghai and Qingdao. These cities use four different groups: wet, recyclable, harmful and dry. Although their names are different, the groups are actually the same. Wet garbage in Shanghai is, in fact, kitchen garage. And dry garbage is the same as other waste, China Youth Daily reported.There are other environmentally-friendly changes coming to Beijing too. Restaurants will no longer be allowed to provide disposable tableware (一次性餐具) like wooden chopsticks. Hotels and restaurants will not be allowed to provide disposable products such as toothbrushes.To help residents sort their trash correctly, the Beijing government is offering online guidelines. If people dont know how to throw away garbage, they can search for it on the WeChat account Guanchenglishi (管城理市) to find out. By searching a key word or taking a photo, people can immediately find out which group their waste belongs i