U校园 新视野大学英语4 读写译答案U校园 新视野大学英语4 读写译答案Unit1SectionA1-2Pre-readingactivities-1BAABBACCPre-readingactivities-21.Reasoningskillsdealwiththeprocessofgettingfromaproblemtoasolutionoraconclusion.Byimprovingyourreasoningskills,youcanimproveyoursuccessindoingthings.Specifically,strongreasoningskillscanhelpyouto:improvethequalityandvalidityofyourownarguments;improveyourabilitytoassessthequalityandvalidityofothersarguments;makemorelogicaldecisions;solveproblemsmoreefficientlyandeffectively.Togiveaspecificexample,everydayyouhavetomakevariousdecisions,andyetevensomesimpledecisionslikedecidingwhattowearwhenyouregettingdressedinthemorningrequiresomereasoningskills.Whenyoudecidewhattowear,youtakemanyfactorsintoconsiderationtheweatherforecast,thecurrenttemperature,yourplansfortheday(whereyouaregoing,whatyouwilldo,andwhomyouwillmeet),yourcomfortlevel,andsoon.Inreallife,youneedtofacedecisionsthataremuchmoredifficultthanchoosingwhattowear.So,itisreallyimportanttohavestrongreasoningskills.2.Thefactorsbelowareusuallyimportantforalogicalconclusion:criticalthinkingskills;facts;evidence;soundreasoningprocess,etc.Readingcomprehension-11.ThedealbetweenthemisthatthenarratorgivesRobhisleatherjacket,andRob,inexchange,givesthenarratorhisgirlfriend.Theymakethedealbecausetheywanttogetsomethingfromeachother:Robiscrazyaboutfashion,andhewantstoownthenarratorsfashionableleatherjacket;thenarratorlongstohaveabeautifulgirlfriend,andRobsgirlfriendisbeautiful.2.Hethinksabeautifulandwell-spokengirlfriendwillassisthimtolandajobandachievesuccessinanelitelawcompany.3.ThenarratorfeelsthiswaybecausehecantstopthinkingthathispurposeofdatingPollyisnotforromancebutforimprovingherintelligence,andhecantletPollyknowhisplan.4.ThenarratordecidestoteachPollylogicbecausehebelieveslogicisessentialtoclearthinking.ByteachingPollylogic,hecanmakeherintelligent.5.Whenthenarratorteachesherlogic,PollyrespondseithershortlywithCool,Great,Ilikethatidea,orsimplywithnoddingorblinkingwithoutsayinganything.TheseresponsesgiveusanimpressionthatPollyisanicebutrathersimple-mindedgirl.6.Yes.HeisonlytoosuccessfulinteachingPollylogicbecauseintheendwhenheasksPollytobehisgirlfriend,Pollyrefuseshisrequestbyapplyingallthelogicalfallacieshehastaughther.7.BecausehewantstomakeonemoreattempttowinPollyashisgirlfriendbyaskinghertoforgetwhathehastaughther.8.TheendofthestoryisironicbecausePollyturnsouttobesmarterthanthenarrator.First,sheisabletorefuteallhisargumentsaslogicalfallacies.Then,shedisclosesthatsheandRobhaveplayedatrickonhim.Thenarratorhasbeentoosmartforhisowngood.Readingcomprehension-21.Inmyopinion,allthethreecharactersarecomplex.Thefollowingaremydescriptionsaboutthem.Thenarrator:Smart:Heisanexcellentlawstudentandknowsalotaboutlogic.Sophisticated:Hebelievesabeautifulandintelligentgirlfriendwillbenefithiminhisfuturecareer.Arrogantandself-conceited:Hethinkshighlyofhimselfbutbadlyofhisroommate.Over-confident:HethinksthegirlwillsurelychoosehimratherthanRob.Stupidandsimple-minded:Heknowsnothingaboutwhatcanhappeninreallife.Rob:Fashionableandcool:Helovesfashionandcaresalotabouthisappearance.Dishonest:Heplaysatrickonthenarratortogethisleatherjacket.Clever:Heisabletogetwhathewantswithoutlosinganything.Polly:Beautifulandnice:Sheisprettyandeasytobewith.Shallow:ShechoosesRobsimplybecauseheisfashionable.Smart:Shelearnsquicklyandisfullofwitwhenrefusingtobethenarratorsgirlfriend.2.ThestoryitselfincludesthefallacyDictoSimpliciter.Thenarratorassumesthatallgirlswouldbehappytodateaboywhosefutureissomewhatguaranteed.Therefore,Polly,abeautifulandwealthyyounggirl,wouldcertainlyfallinlovewithhimaningeniousstudentandamanwithanassuredfuture,ratherthanRobamuscularidiot.However,tothenarratorssurpriseanddisappointment,PollychoosesRobintheendbecauseRobisfashionableandcool.3.Loveisblind.Itisridiculoustouselogictodealwithlove.Smartpeoplesometimescanmakewrongjudgments.Smartpeoplearesometimestooarrogantandconfident.Smartpeoplemayfallvictimstotheirownsmartness.4.Yes.Becausenotonlywouldteachinglogicinschoolhelpminimizetheoverwhelmingnumberoffallaciousassertions,butalsowouldserveasanexcellentprecursortohighermathematicsandhelpmakeothercoursessuchasgeometryandcalculuslessofamysterytomoststudents.No.Becauselogiccanbelearnedthroughothersubjectssuchasmath,philosophy,reading,etc.Itsnotnecessarytoofferaspecialcourseaboutit.5.Yes,certainly.Actually,logicalfallaciesareverycommoninoureverydaylife.Imyselfcommitlogicalfallaciesveryoften,too.Forexample,whenIfirstmetmyroommateincollege,Ifeltverysurprisedwhenhetoldmehedidntlikenoodles.Iasked,PeopleinthenorthofChinalikeeatingnoodles.Youarefromthenorth,whydontyoulikenoodles?HereIcommittedthelogicalfallacyDictoSimpliciter.Ifalselyassertedthatallpeopleinthenorthshouldlikenoodles,andthereshouldbenoexceptiontothispremise.1-3Wordsinuse1.crumbled2.discern3.surpass4.shrewd