【2019最新】精选高二英语上学期学期初考试试题第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ADrinking too much alcohol（酒，酒精）seems to give pleasure to many people. Habit alone can keep people drinking. However, many heavy drinkers can offer some other reasons for their actions. Right now doctors are getting some attention in their protests against heavy drinking. Many people have cut down on their drinking. In general, everyone believes the doctors warnings. It is sometimes very easy to stop drinking heavily. For example, at a party a man has just one drink. He can stop thinking about having another one. Both health considerations(考虑) and the high cost of drinking help him to stay away from alcohol. All of his friends help, too. They always understand his problem and are really concerned（关注）. The heavy drinker needs friends like these.1Drinking too much alcohol _. Aseems to give pleasure to many people Bis a habit Cis reasonable Dwill do good to people2A heavy drinker _ Abelieves the doctors warnings Bhas no reasons for drinking Cneeds friends to help him stop drinking heavily Dcant stay away from alcohol3The best title for the passage is _ AAlcohol BNo Drinking CA Heavy Drinker DGive It UpBWe know that many animals do not stay in one place. Birds, fish and other animals move from one place to another at a certain time. They move for different reasons most of them move to find food more easily, but others move to get away from places that are too crowded. When cold weather comes, many birds move to warmer places to find food. Some fishes give birth in warm water and move to cold water to feed. The most famous migration（迁移）is probably the migration of the fish, which is called “salmon”. This fish is born in fresh water but it travels many miles to salt water. There it spends its life. When it is old, it returns to its birthplace in fresh water. Then it gives birth and dies there. In northern Europe, there is a kind of mice. They leave their mountain homes when they become too crowded. They move down to the low land. Sometimes they move all the way to the seaside, and many of them are killed when they fall into the sea. Recently, scientists have studied the migration of a kind of lobsters（龙虾）. Every year, when the season of bad weather arrives, the lobsters get into a long line and start to walk across the floor of the ocean. Nobody knows why they do this, and nobody knows where they go. So, sometimes we know why humans and animals move from one place to another, but at other times we dont. Maybe living things just like to travel. 4. Most animals move from one place to another at a certain time to _ . A. give birth B. enjoy warmer weather C. find food more easily D. find beautiful places 5. The fish called “salmon” spends a long life in _ . A. salt water B. rivers C. fresh water D. its birthplace 6. The mice in northern Europe move when _ . A. they give birth B. the weather is bad C. the place gets too crowded D. they havent enough food 7. The lobsters move _ . A. to the fresh water B. to the sea floor C. at a certain time D. to find more food 8. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Animals move in order to find food more easily. B. The migration of the fish called “salmon” is the most famous migration. C. Living things move from one place to another because they like to travel. D. Sometimes we know why and how living things move from one place to another, but sometimes we dont.CAre some people born clever, and others born stupid? Or is intelligence developed by our environment and our experience? Strangely enough, the answer to these questions is yes. To some extent our intelligence is given to us at birth, and no amount of education can make a genius out of a child born with low intelligence. On the other hand, a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and varied surroundings. Thus the limits of persons intelligence are fixed at birth, whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment. This view, now held by most experts, can be supported in a number of ways. It is easy to show that intelligence is to some extent something we are born with. The closer the blood relationship between two people, the closer they are likely to be in intelligence. Thus if we take two unrelated people at random from population, it is likely that their degree of intelligence will be completely different. If, on the other hand, we take two identical twins, they will very likely be as intelligent as each other. Relations like brothers