目录 2014年武汉大学801英语综合（语言学、文学）考研真题（回忆版） 2013年武汉大学801英语综合（语言学、文学、翻译）考研真题 2013年武汉大学801英语综合（语言学、文学）考研真题及部分详解 2012年武汉大学801英语综合（语言学、文学、翻译）考研真题 2012年武汉大学801英语综合（语言学、文学）考研真题及部分详解 2011年武汉大学801英语综合（语言学、文学、翻译）考研真题 2011年武汉大学801英语综合（语言学、文学）考研真题及详解 1.1 Verbal dueling 2.1 Assimilation. It is a process by which onesound takes on some or all the characteristics of a neighboring sound. It isoften used synonymously with co-articulation. Nasalization 2.2 Language acquisition refers to the gradual development of abilityin a language by using it naturally in communicative situations. 3.1 What are the distinctive features of American structuralism? (7.5 points) 3.2 It is claimed in sociolinguistics that you are what you say. How would you comment on thistheoretical claim? (7.5points) 3.3 A distinction can be drawn between Competence and Performance in thestudy of language. What dothey refer to? Why does Chomsky draw such a distinction? (10 points) 3.4 What are the three metafunctions of Systemic Functional Grammar? Illustrate each of them with specific examples. (15 points) 5.4 Write a short essay to tell the similaritiesor the differences between American realism and American naturalism 2010年武汉大学801英语综合（语言学、文学、翻译）考研真题 2010年武汉大学801英语综合（语言学、文学）考研真题及详解 2009年武汉大学801英语综合（语言学、文学、翻译）考研真题 2009年武汉大学801英语综合（语言学、文学）考研真题及详解 2008年武汉大学801英语综合（语言、文学与翻译）考研真题 2008年武汉大学801英语综合（语言、文学）考研真题及详解 2007年武汉大学401英语综合（语言、文学与翻译）考研真题 2007年武汉大学401英语综合（语言、文学）考研真题及部分详解 2006年武汉大学401英语综合（语言、文学与翻译）考研真题 2014年武汉大学801英语综合（语言学、文 学）考研真题（回忆版） 语言学部分 第一题、解释名词，exocentric，antonymy，morpheme，blending 第二题、parole和langue的区别 第三题、影响二语习得的因素 第四题、关于semantic sense 的四句话。 第五题、pragmatics theory的一些东西 文学部分 第一、作家作品连线 第二、浪漫主义的特点 第三、写出下列作品中的至少一个角色的名字。有sons and lovers， Othello，双城记等等 第四、女作家作品中的女角色 第五、愤怒的葡萄和puritan的经历比较 第六、美国文学的成长小说分析，至少三部 2013年武汉大学801英语综合（语言学、文 学、翻译）考研真题 2013年武汉大学801英语综合（语言学、文 学）考研真题及部分详解 Part I. Linguistics I. Define the following terms. (45=20 points) 1.1. Assimilation 1.2. Morpheme 1.3. Embedding 1.4. Synonymy 答案： 1. Assimilation. It is a process by which one sound takes on some or all the characteristics of a neighboring sound. It is often used synonymously with co-articulation. Nasalization, dentalization and, velarization are all instances of assimilation. There are two possibilities of assimilation: if a following sound is influencing a preceding sound, it is regressive assimilation; the converse process, in which a preceding sound is influencing a following sound, is known as progressive assimilation. For example, in “mink”, “n”, which is originally pronounced as /n/, will be velarized by the following “k”/k/, and therefore the word will be pronounced as / miNk/ . 2. Morpheme: Morpheme is the smallest unit of language in terms of relationship between expression and content, a unit that cannot be divided into further smaller units without destroying or drastically altering the meaning, whether it is lexical or grammatical. For example, in boys, there are two morphemes: “boy” and “-s”; in international, there are three morphemes: “inter-” “nation” and “-al”. 3. Embedding: It refers to the inclusion of a clause within a phrase or another clause, or of a phrase into another phrase. An example of embedded clauses is: What I do is none of your business. (Nominal clause embedded as subject of another clause) 4. Synonymy: technical name for the sameness relation. Two or more forms with very closely related meanings are synonyms, which are often, but not always, intersubstitutable in sentences. For example, in English hide and conceal in: He hid the money under the bed. He concealed the money under the bed. Often one word may be more appropriate than another in a particular situation, e.g. conceal is more formal than hide. II. Answer the following questions. (103=30 points) 2.1. Words referring to spending and finance (such as cost, spend, invest, buy, sell) also have abstract metaphorical uses, as in: That mistake will cost you a lot. He invested a lot of time in the project. Youre only buying trouble if you do that. Give three additional examples of the metaphorical use of words from the realm of spending and finance. Then discuss how the metaphorical uses are related to the concrete financial meanings. 答案： The three additional examples of the metaphorical use of words from the realm of spending and finance are: He tries his best to buy time by negotiating. Why invest time and energy in something that we all hate? Careless driving cost him his life. Traditionally, buy, invest and cost are usually used before concrete things, however we could also understand it when it is used on abstract. It is because we could understand things from the perspective of metaphor. Metaphor involves the comparison of two concepts in that one is construed in terms of the other. Its often described in terms of a target domain and a source domain. The target domain is the experience being described by the metaphor and the source domain is the means that we use in order to describe the expe