学 海 无 涯 1 中华人民共和国担保法 Security Law of the Peoples Republic of China 发文 机关： 全国人民代表大 会常务委员会 发布 日期： 1995.06.30 生效 日期： 1995.10.01 时效 性： 现行有效 文号： 主席令第五十号 Promulgating Agency: Standing Committee of the National Peoples Congress Published Date: 1995.06.30 Effective Date: 1995.10.01 Validity Status: valid 中华人民共和国担保法 主席令第五十号 1995年6月30日第八 届全国人民代表大会常务委 员会第十四次会议通过，19 95 年 6 月 30 日中华人民共 和国主席令第 50 号公布 Security Law of the Peoples Republic of China Adopted 30 June 1995 by the Fourteenth Session of the Standing Committee of the Eighth National Peoples Congress 第一章 总 则 CHAPTER I GENERAL PRINCIPLES 第一条 为促进资金融通和商品 流通，保障债权的实现，发展社 会主义市场经济，制定本法。 Article 1. This Law is formulated in order to promote the accommodation of funds and circulation of commodities so as to ensure the satisfaction of creditors claims as well as to advance the development of the socialist market economy. 第二条 在借贷、买卖、货物运 输、加工承揽等经济活动中，债 权人需要以担保方式保障其债权 实现的，可以依照本法规定设定 担保。 本法规定的担保方式为 保证、抵押、质押、留置和 Article 2. In economic activities such as financial and commercial transactions, transportation of goods and contracted processing, if a creditor requires that the satisfaction of his/her claim be ensured by means of a security, he/she may make use of a security in accordance with the provisions of the Law. 学 海 无 涯 2 定金。 Guarantees, mortgages, pledges and liens shall all be securities for the purposes of this Law. 第三条 担保活动应当遵循平 等、自愿、公平、诚实信用的原 则。 Article 3. Securities shall be undertaken in compliance with the principles of equality, voluntariness, fairness, honesty and mutual trust. 第四条 第三人为债务人向债权 人提供担保时，可以要求债务人 提供反担保。 反担保适用本法担保的 规定。 Article 4. A third party who provides security to a creditor on behalf of a debtor may request that the debtor provide counter-security. The stipulations of this Act shall also apply to counter-securities. 第五条 担保合同是主合同的从 合同，主合同无效，担保合同无 效。担保合同另有约定的，按照 约定。 担保合同被确认无效 后，债务人、担保人、债权 人有过错的，应当根据其过 错各自承担相应的民事责 任。 Article 5. A security contract is an ancillary contract to the principal contract. If the principal contract is void, the security contract is thereupon void. Where the security contract stipulates otherwise, those stipulations shall be complied with. If a security contract is confirmed to be void and the debtor, creditor or person providing the security is at fault, that person shall be civilly liable in proportion to his/her fault. 第二章 保 证 CHAPTER II GUARANTEE 第一节 保证和保证人 Section 1 Guarantee and Guarantor 第六条 本法所称保证，是指保 证人和债权人约定，当债务人不 履行债务时，保证人按照约定履 行债务或者承担责任的行为。 Article 6. For the purposes of the Law, the term guarantee shall refer to the act of a guarantor, pursuant to an agreement between the guarantor and the creditor, in performing the obligations of or bearing liability for a debtor when that debtor fails to perform his/her obligations. 第七条 具有代为清偿债务能力 的法人、其他组织或者公民，可 以作保证人。 Article 7. Corporations, other organisations or citizens who are able to perform the obligations of the debtor in a representative capacity may act as guarantors. 第八条 国家机关不得为保证 人，但经国务院批准为使用外国 Article 8. State organs shall not act as guarantors, except where loans from foreign governments or 学 海 无 涯 3 政府或者国际经济组织贷款进行 转贷的除外。 international economic organisations are used in the form of a sub-loan with the approval of the State Council. 第九条 学校、幼儿园、医院等 以公益为目的的事业单位、社会 团体不得为保证人。 Article 9. Non-profit institutions and social welfare organisations, such as schools, kindergartens and hospitals, shall not act as guarantors. 第十条 企业法人的分支机构、 职能部门不得为保证人。 企业法人的分支机构有 法人书面授权的，可以在授 权范围内提供保证。 Article 10. Branch organisations and functional departments of enterprise corporations shall not act as guarantors. Branch organisations of enterprise corporations may, with written authorisation from the parent corporation, provide a guarantee within the scope of the authorisation. 第十一条 任何单位和个人不得 强令银行等金融机构或者企业为 他人提供保证；银行等金融机构 或者企业对强令其为他人提供保 证的行为，有权拒绝。 Article 11. No organisation or individual shall coerce an enterprise or a financial institution such as a bank to provide a guarantee for any party. The financial institution or enterprise has the right to refuse such coercion. 第十二条 同一债务有两个以上 保证人的，保证人应当按照保证 合同约定的保证份额，承担保证 责任。没有约定保证份额的，保 证人承担连带责任，债权人可以 要求任何一个保证人承担全部保 证责任，保证人都负有担保全部 债权实现的义务。已经承担保证 责任的保证人，有权向债务人追 偿，或者要求承担连带责任的其 他保证人清偿其应当承担的份 额。 Article 12. If there are more than two guarantors for one debt, the guarantors shall share liability in accordance with the amounts agreed in the guarantee contract. If there is no stipulation in the contract as to the amount of each guarantors liability, the guarantors shall assume joint liability. The creditor may demand that one of the guarantors assume full guarantee liability and in that case any one of the guarantors may be liable to bear the obligation to do so. The guarantor who has assumed the guarantee liability is entitled to seek compensation from the debtor or demand other gu