Unit 1,Advertising,Grammar and Usage Direct speech and reported speech,She said, Ill call you tomorrow.,Direct speech,reported/indirect speech,She said she would call him tomorrow.,【自主学习】,My name is Anne Frank and my family is Jewish, she said. She said that her name was Anne Frank and her family was Jewish. After hiding here for a long time, Ive become crazy. She said. She said that after hiding there for a long time, she had become crazy.,Direct speech:,Reported/indirect speech:,1,3,2,4,Jewish,Marx,Freud frid,hiding,hide,hide and seek,My name is Anne Frank and my family is Jewish, she said. She said that her name was Anne Frank and her family was Jewish.,Same?,How do we change direct speech into reported/indirect speech?,What should we change?,1. 直接引语的主语是第一人称，改为间接引语后要根据意思改变人称。,He said, “I like it very much.”,He said that,He said to me, “Ive left my book in your room.,He told me that,I said to her, “I have done my best.”,I told her that I had done my best.,he liked it very much.,he had left his book in my room.,2. 若主句谓语动词是一般过去时，直接引语变成间接引语时要调整时态。,1. I havent brought my dictionary, the student said. 2. Tom said to them, I will get excited. 3. My father said to me, I am reading the book.,The student said that he hadnt brought his dictionary.,Tom told them that he would get excited.,My father told me that he was reading the book.,3. 指示代词、时间状语和动词也要做调整,【自主学习】3,then,that day,the next day/the following day,two days before,the week/month/year before,did,was doing,had done,had done,would do,might/could,go,take,Mr.Smithsaidtothegirl,“Iwill comeheretosee younextSunday.” Mr.Smith_thegirlthat_ tosee _ _Sunday.,told,he would go there,her,the following,若直接引语为一般疑问句，改为间接引语时要用陈述句语序，而且要加连词_。,if或whether,He asked me, “Will you have a test on Thursday?”,He asked me if / whether I would have a test on Thursday.,若直接引语为特殊疑问句，间接引语就要使用特殊疑问词，而且要用陈述句语序。,“How much money do you spend on books?” he asked me.,He asked me how much money I spent on books.,“What is your uncle?” he asked me.,He asked me what my uncle was.,Textbook P11 Exercise A Sentence 4 to close B. told to; closing C. asked ; to close D. said to; please close,C,感叹句转化为间接引语可用 what或 how 引导，也可用that引导。 What a hot day it is! they all complained. They all complained/said that _. They all complained/said _. They all complained/said that _ a hot day.,what a hot day it is,how hot a day it is,it was,由直接引语转变为间接引语,下列情况时态不变:,1. 不变的真理或格言 The teacher said to the students, “Water freezes when the temperature falls below 0.” The teacher told the students that water freezes when the temperature falls below 0.,2. 经常的习惯： He said to the doctor, “I smoke two packs every day.” He told the doctor that he smokes two packs every day.,3. 与具体的过去时间连用： The teacher said, “World War II ended in 1945.” The teacher said that World War II ended in 1945.,4. 没有时态变化的情态动词,如must, ought to, used to, had better等： She said to me: “You must hurry up.” She said that I must hurry up.,注意：表示“建议”“命令”“要求”的词，宾语从句中使用虚拟语气 “should + do”。 The man insisted that he _ the law and _ free. didnt break; set didnt break; was not shouldnt break; should be set hadnt broken; be set,Her pale face _ she was ill, so the doctor suggested that she _. suggests; has a rest suggested; had a rest suggested; have a rest suggests; have a rest,We demanded that he _ bill by the end of this month. must pay pay paid had paid,He said that practice _ perfect. A. makesB. made C. makeD. making,