国际商务合同内容构成与缮制,一、国际商务英文合同的内容构成,（一）约首(Preamble，or Heading) （二）约因条款或鉴于条款（Whereas Clause, or recitals) （三）主文/基本条款(Body) （四）约尾或合同法律效力(Witness Clause，Validation ),the corporate or personal names of the parties to the contract and their nationalities, principal places (addresses) of business or residential addresses; the name and number of the contract; the date and place for signing the contract.,说明当事人订约经过和目的，通常包括：当事人经营的业务；磋商经过；订约的本意。常用于技术贸易合同中，但也不限于此。,国际商务合同的正文部分是合同的实质性条款，这些基本条款主要有：Name and Specification、Quantity Clause、Packing Clause、Price Clause、Shipment Clause、Insurance Clause、Payment、Inspection、Discrepancy Or Claim、Arbitration、Force Majeure and etc.,合同的份数,使用的文字和效力以及双方的签字,二、国际商务英文合同主要条款解析与填制,导引案例:主要合同条款分析 商品品名及规格： 中国大米 碎粒 15% 杂质 1% 水分 14% 数量: 1000 吨 包装: 麻袋装 价格: 每吨420美元 CIFC2伦敦净价，佣金2%。 交货: 2007年9月卖方必须确保货物在10月15日前到达买方。 保险：投保一切险、战争险以及受潮受热险。 支付: 信用证支付,品质条款规定的太死，不科学也无法履约,计量单位不准确，数量条款应有一定的机动,包装条款过于笼统,贸易术语使用不正确。CIFC2与净价相矛盾,卖方不应保证货物到达的准确时间，风险太大且与CIF术语的性质相矛盾,一切险中已经包括受潮受热险，重复投保,支付方式的规定太笼统，应该具体化，否则无法操作。,引例英文表达,Commodity Name Or: Say Thirty-five Thousand Five Hundred US Dollars Only.,5、 Shipment Clause,订立装运条款应注意的问题： 1）应明确规定具体装运时间 2）一般选择费用低，装卸效率高的港口作为装运港和目的港 3）注意分批装运、转运，尤其是特殊的分运、转运条款的规定,举例,Shipment within 30 days after receipt of L/C. The relevant L/C must reach the seller not later than Oct. 25, 2007 Port of loading: Ningbo/Shanghai/Guangzhou Port of destination: Hamburg/Rotterdam/London In May 2007 with transshipment at Copenhagen. transshipment not permitted/not allowed/prohibited.,6、Insurance Clause 保险条款,CIF合同下，保险合同一般包括四个部分：由何方办理保险(to be covered by)、投保金额(for amount)、投保险别(against risks)、保险条款规定执行的依据(as perclause ) 掌握句型: to be covered by foragainstas per Example: Insurance to be covered by the Sellers for 110% of the invoice value against All Risks and War Risks as per (or subject to) Ocean Marine Cargo Clause of the Peoples Insurance Company of China （PICC） dated Jan. 1，1981.,保险条款简写,在中国投保的依据条款一般简写为：AS PER CIC OF PICC DATED JAN. 1, 1981. (中国人民保险公司的中国保险条款 CIC- CHINA INSURANCE CLAUSES) 国际流行的投保依据条款一般简写为：AS PER ICC DATED JAN. 1, 1982. （英国伦敦保险协会的协会货物条款ICC INSTITUTE CARGO CLAUSE）,7、Payment,电汇支付方式（T/T）：例1、例2 付款交单支付方式（D/P） ：例3、例4 承兑交单支付方式（D/A） ：例5 信用证支付方式（L/C）：例6、例7 托收与信用证结合的支付方式 ：例8,8、Inspection,合同中的商检条款一般包括检验机构；检验内容、检验标准和检验证书；检验时间和地点 Inspection: The Inspection Certificate of Quality/Quantity/Sanitation issued by ENTRY-EXIT INSPECTION AND QUARANTINE BUREAU OF CHINA shall be regarded as evidence of the Sellers delivery.,9、Discrepancies and claims,Discrepancy: In case of quality discrepancy, claim should be lodged by the Buyers within XX days after the arrival of the goods at the port of destination, while for quantity discrepancy, claim should be lodged by the Buyers within XX days after the arrival of the goods at the port of destination. In all cases, claims must be accompanied by Survey Reports of Recognized Public Surveyors agreed by the Sellers. Should the responsibility of the subject under claim be found to rest on the part of the Sellers, the Sellers shall, within XX days after receipt of the claim, send their reply to the Buyers together with suggestions for settlement.,10、Arbitration,Arbitration: All disputes arising in connection with this Sales Contract or the execution thereof shall be settled by way of amicable negotiation. In case no settlement can be reached, the case at issue shall then be submitted for arbitration to China International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission in accordance with the provisions of the said Commission. The arbitral award shall be deemed as final and binding upon both parties. The fee, for arbitration shall be borne by the losing party unless otherwise awarded by the Commission.,11、 Force Majeure,Force Majeure : The Sellers shall not be held responsible if they fail, owing to Force Majeure cause or causes, to make delivery within the time stipulated in this Sales Contract or cannot deliver the goods. However, the Sellers shall inform immediately the Buyers by cable. The Sellers shall deliver to the Buyers by registered letter, if it is requested by the Buyers, a certificate issued by the China Council for Promotion of International Trade (CCPIT) or by any competent authorities, attesting the existence of the said cause or causes. The Buyers failure to obtain the relative Import License is not to be treated as Force Majeure.,12、Validation of the contract,Example: This Contract shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of China except technical specifications, and shall come into force beginning from the date of signature. The Contract shall be made in quadruplicate in both the Chinese and the English languages, two for each party.,本章作业,实训一： （一） （二）1、3-8、11、16、17 （三） 实训三、四 实训五： （二） 实训六、七,