第 1 页（共 34 页） 2019 年上海市奉贤区高考英语一模试卷年上海市奉贤区高考英语一模试卷 II. Grammar and Vocabulary 1 （15 分） To Be Joyful， To Be Young What really works to make sustainable changes in diet and lifestyle？ Its probably not what you think In the past 30 years of conducting clinical research， I （1） （learn） that real keys are pleasure， joy and freedom Joy of living is sustainable； fear of dying is not Why？ Because life is to be enjoyed Theres no point （2） （abandon） something you enjoy unless you get something back thats even better， and quickly When people eat more healthfully， （3） （quit） smoking， and manage stress better， they find they feel so much better， so quickly It reconstructs the reason for making these changes from fear of dying to joy of living When you exercise and eat right， your brain receives more blood flow and oxygen， so you become smarter， have more energy， and need less sleep Two studies showed just walking for three hours per week for only three months caused so many neurons（神经细 胞） （4） （grow） that it actually increased the size of peoples brains! Your face receives more blood flow， so your skin glows more and wrinkles less You look younger and more attractive In contrast， an unhealthy diet， lasting emotional stress and smoking reduce blood flow to your face （5） you age more quickly Smoking speeds up aging because nicotine contributes to your blood vessel becoming narrower， （ 6） decreases blood flow to your face and makes it wrinkle prematurely This is why smokers look years older than they really are One of the most interesting findings was that the mothers awareness of stress was more important than （7） was objectively occurring in their lives （8） （give） a questionnaire， the women were asked to rate on a threepoint scale how stressed they felt each day The women who realized they were under heavy stress had significantly shortened and damaged telomeres（染色体端粒） compared with （9） who felt more relaxed Contrarily， some of the women who felt relaxed （10） 第 2 页（共 34 页） raising a disabled child had more normalappearing telomeres In other words， if you feel stressed， you are stressed 2 （15 分） A uprisingB originalC frequentlyD spectacular E featuresF luxuriouslyG capturedH approaches I inhabitedJ mattersK ranks Welcome to Windsor Castle Windsor Castle is the oldest and largest occupied castle in the world and the Official Residence of the Queen of Britain Over a period of nearly 1，000 years it has been（1） continuously， and altered and redecorated by monarchs（君主） one after the other Some were great builders， strengthening the Castle against （2） and rebellion； others， living in more peaceful times， created a grand Royal residence William the Conqueror chose the site， high above the river Thames and on the edge of a Saxon hunting ground It was a days march from the Tower of London and intended to guard the western （3） to the capital The outer walls of todays structure are in the same position as those of the （4） castle built by William the Conqueror in the 1070sThe Queen uses the Castle both as a private home， where she usually spends the weekend， and as a Royal residence at which she undertakes certain formal duties Windsor Castle is （5） used by the Queen to host State Visits from overseas monarchs and presidents Every year the Queen takes up official residence in Windsor Castle for a month over Easter （March April） The Castle is huge， so people tend to head for the most（6） bitsthe State Apartments， St Georges Chapel， the Gallery and the delightful Queen Marys Dolls House Works of art， antique furniture， curiosities and impressive architecture reflect the tastes of many different royal generations The State Apartments are（7） decorated formal rooms still used for state and official functions The magnificent and beautiful St Georges Chapel was started in 1475 by Edward IV and was completed 50 years later by Henry VIII It （8） among the finest examples of late medieval architecture in the UK 第 3 页（共 34 页） The Drawings Gallery（9） the exhibition The Queen： 60 Photographs for 60 Years The exhibition presents portraits of the Queen（10） in brief moments on both official occasions and at relaxed family gatherings III. Reading Comprehension 3 （30 分） Nature and Nurture People have wondered for a long time how their personalities and behaviour are formed However， it is not easy to explain why one person is intelligent and another is not， or why one is cooperative and another is （1） Social scientists are of course （2） interested in these types of questions They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and exhibit certain behaviour There are no clear answers yet， but two （3） schools of thought on the matter have developed As one might expect， the two approaches are very different from each other， and there is a great deal of debate between （4） of each theory The controversy（争论） is often conveniently referred to as natu