资源预览内容
第1页 / 共18页
第2页 / 共18页
第3页 / 共18页
第4页 / 共18页
第5页 / 共18页
第6页 / 共18页
第7页 / 共18页
第8页 / 共18页
第9页 / 共18页
第10页 / 共18页
亲,该文档总共18页,到这儿已超出免费预览范围,如果喜欢就下载吧!
资源描述
第二章 词 类,第二节 冠 词,知识梳理,一、冠词的概念 冠词是一种虚词,本身没有词义,也不能单独使用,要用在名词或形容词的前面。 二、冠词的分类,三、冠词的用法 1. 不定冠词的用法 (1)与数词one同源,表示“一个”,泛指某人或某物,但语气不如one 强烈。 如:There is a lamp on the desk. (2)代表一类人或物。 如:A driver is the one who drives. An elephant is the biggest animal on the land.,(3)不定冠词a和an的选用 大部分单数可数名词前用a。如:a bag, a computer 以元音字母a,e,i,o开头的单数可数名词,通常在其前面用an。 如:an apple, an egg, an ice-cream, an orange 以元音字母u 开头的单词,有两种情况: a. 当该字母的发音是元音/ /时,前面用an。如:an umbrella, an uncle b. 当该字母的发音是辅音/ju /时,前面用a。如:a university student, a unit 有的单词不是以元音字母开头,但是其第一个音素是元音音素的,也要用an。 如:an hour, an FM radio 【注】判断一个单词是否以元音开头,要根据单词音标的第一个因素。,2. 定冠词的用法 定冠词the在句中或是文中可理解为“this”或“that”, 在复数句子中理解为 “these” 或“those”。有“这(那)个(些)”的意思,但语气较弱,要和名词连用来表示某个或某些特定的人或物。 (1)特指双方都明白的人或物。如:Look at the picture on the wall. (2)指上文已提到过的人或物。如:There is a boy at table. The boys name is Mike. (3)指世上独一无二的事物。如:the sun, the moon, the earth, the sky (4)与单数名词连用表示一类事物。如:the dollar, the fox,(5)与复数名词连用,指整个群体。 如:They are the students of Class One. 他们是一班的学生。(指全体学生) They are students of Class One. 他们是一班的学生。(指部分学生) (6)与形容词连用,表示一类人。如:the rich, the poor (7)用在序数词或形容词最高级前。 如:on the second floor,the 12th birthday party,the tallest boy,the shortest player (8)用在某些由普通名词构成的组织、机构等专有名词前。 如:the Peoples Republic of China, the United States of America,(9)用在表示乐器的名词之前。如:play the piano, play the violin, play the pipa (10)用在姓氏的复数名词之前,表示一家人。如:the Greens, the Wangs (11)用在惯用语中。如:in the day, in the morning, the day after tomorrow 3. 零冠词的用法 (1)国名、人名前通常不用定冠词。 如:China is a great country. Bingo is his name. (2)在季节、月份、日期、星期等表示时间的名词之前,不用冠词。 如:Spring is the first season of the year. Sunday is the first day of the week.,(3)在三餐之前,不用冠词。如:have breakfast, have lunch, have dinner / supper (4)抽象名词表示一般概念时,通常不用冠词。如:Failure is the mother of success. (5)在球类名词之前,不用冠词。如:play basketball, play football, play badminton (6)在学科、语言名词之前, 不用冠词。如: have Chinese class, speak English (7)当by与交通工具连用,表示一种方式时,名词之前不用冠词。如:by bus, by train (8)当名词前面有this, that, my, his, every, some,名词所有格等修饰词时,不用冠词。 如:This is my schoolbag. Amys doll is pink.,(9)有些个体名词,如:school, hospital等,当它们直接置于介词后时,表示该名词的深层含义;若名词前加定冠词the,则表示一般含义。如:,考点精析,考点 考查冠词的用法 【例1】用a,an, the 或 / 填空。 1. She has apple and pear. 2. I can speak Chinese and English well. 3. Mike can play guitar and play football. 4. After I hadquick breakfast, I hurried to school.,解析:此类题考查冠词在句子中的使用。要注意掌握定冠词、不定冠词和零冠词的不同用法。 第1小题关键看apple 和pear 两个单词的第一个字母的发音是元音还是辅音;第2小题语言名词前用零冠词;第3小题乐器名词前用定冠词,球类名词前用零冠词;第4小题注意三餐名称前若有形容词,则可在形容词前加不定冠词 a。 答案:1. an;a2. /;/3. the;/4. a,举一反三 1. 用 a 或 an 填空。 (1) eye (2) ear (3) mouth (4) old man (5) honest boy (6) useful book 2. 用正确的冠词填空。 (1)We study 8 hours day. (2)He is tallest student in our class. (3)I had breakfast at 7:00 this morning. (4)I often have big dinner on my birthday.,an,a,an,an,an,a,a,the,a,/,【例2】单项填空。 ()Mr Black will go to Beijing . A. by air B. by a plane C. take a plane 解析:本题考查冠词的使用和短语的固定搭配。by 与交通工具连用时,用零冠词,B选项本身有错,不可选;take a plane 本身没有错,但是动词短语用在句子此处不合适。by air 与by plane, by airplane, by aeroplane 同义,均意为“乘飞机”。 答案:A,举一反三 3. 在下列句子中的横线处填上适当的冠词或/。 (1) Lets go out for walk. (2) Did you have big dinner last night? (3) Washington is capital of USA. 4. 单项填空。 ( ) woman over there is popular teacher in our school. A. A; theB. The; aC. The; the,the,a,a,B,过关检测,一、用不定冠词a或an 填空。 1. _ egg2. _ boy 3. _ student4. _ umbrella 5. _ university6. _ hour 7. _ old house8. _ young man 9. _ English book 二、用a,an,the或 / 填空,补全句子。 1. I have _English book. _ book is very interesting. 2. That is _ orange. Its _ big orange.,an,a,a,an,a,an,an,an,an,The,an,a,a,3. Today is _ Sunday. Its _ first day of a week. 4. _ sun is much bigger than _ moon. 5. Beijing is the capital(首都) of _ China. 6. The sun comes out in _ morning and sets down in _ evening. 7. What _ interesting film it is!I like _ film very much. 8. Lets go for _ walk, shall we? 9. Which is _ biggest, _ sun, _ moon, or _ earth? 10. I have two dogs. _ black one is young and _ yellow one is old.,/,the,The,the,/,the,the,an,a,the,the,the,the,The,the,the,三、单项填空。 ()1. Chen Jie is Chinese girl. A. aB. anC. theD. / ()2. Mike is from America. A. aB. anC. theD. / ()3. This is useful book. A. aB. anC. theD. / ()4. He is artist. A. aB. anC. theD. / ()5. This is my pet dog. A. aB. anC. theD. /,A,D,A,B,D,()6. Ann likes playing piano very much. A. aB. anC. theD. / ()7. Mrs Black often goes to school to see her son John. A. aB. anC. theD. / ()8. This is map of world. A. a; aB. the; theC. a; theD. the; a () 9. Our classroom is on second floor. Lets go to classroom. A. a; aB. the; theC. a; theD. the; a ()10. Tokyo is capital of Japan. A. a; aB. the; theC. a; theD. the; /,C,C,C,B,D,
网站客服QQ:2055934822
金锄头文库版权所有
经营许可证:蜀ICP备13022795号 | 川公网安备 51140202000112号