Unit 2 Working the land Grammar: The ing form as the subject and object,Sentences with ing forms as subject or object.,1.Since then, finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal.,(subject),2.As a young man, he saw the great need for increasing the rice output.,(object of preposition),3. Dr Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields.,(object of preposition ),4. However, he doesnt care about being famous.,(object of preposition ),5. He enjoys listening to violin music,playing mah-jong, swimming and reading.,(object of verb),6. Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to him.,(subject),7. Just dreaming for things, however, costs nothing.,(subject),8. Dr Yuan awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that could feed more people.,(object of preposition),-ing form作主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作 1直接置于句首 Seeing is believing. 眼见为实 Helping her is my duty.,-ing form作主语,2 . 用形式主语 it,Talking too much is useless. Its useless/no use talking too much.,常用句型： It is a waste of time doing 做是浪费时间的 It is no good/use doing 做是没益/用处的 It is worthwhile doing/ to do 做是值得,注意：There is no need to do It is good to do ,-ing作宾语,1常用-ing作宾语的动词或短语,finish, enjoy , dislike, consider, imagine, escape, keep , admit, appreciate, mind, avoid， miss, practise, suggest , excuse, forgive, feel like, give up, preferto , be worth, be busy.,It took the workmen only two hours to finish _ my car. A. repairing B. repair C. to repair D. repaire 2. Jack said that he wouldnt mind _ for us. A. to wait B. wait C. waiting D. waited,3. I cant imagine _ that with them（MET 1986） A. do B. to do C. being done D. doing,-ing 作介词宾语,他没有告诉我就走了。,He left without telling me.,Im sorry for being late.,对不起我迟到了。,注意:下列短语中的 to都是介词 devote to， object to(反对)， pay attention to， get down to(着手做 )， look forward to， lead to, be/get used to, stick to， make contributions to,We are both looking forward to _ next week. A. going on vocation(休假) B. go on vocation C. be going on vocation D. have gone on vocation,3. -ing与不定式的比较： -ing表示的动作通常是一个泛指的动作，不定式则通常表示具体的动作。 我喜欢看书，但是我现在想看电影。 I like ，but now I like .,reading,to see a film,4. 可接动名词又可接不定式作宾语的动词： Abegin/start/continue to do/ doing Blike/love/hate to do/doing,C. forget/ remember/ regret to do/doing,Have you forgotten _$1000 from me last month? Will you please remember _ it tomorrow? A. borrowing; to bring B. to borrow; bring C. borrowed; bringing D. borrowing; bringing,我记得曾告诉过你她的事. I remember telling you about her 我会记着关灯的。 Ill remember to turn off the light 我真后悔错过了那次报告。 I regret missing the report 我遗憾地说我不能接受你的建议。 I regret to say I cant take your advice,继续做原来做的事,接着做另一件事,意味着要做某事,想要做某事,停止做某事,停下来（别的事）开始 做某事,习惯于做某事,试着做某事,努力做某事,被用来做某事,禁不住做某事,不能帮助做某事,请接着做同一个练习。 Please go on doing the same exercise 请做另外一个练习。 Please go on to do the other exercise. 我们停止了交谈。 We stopped talking 我们停了下来去谈话。 We stopped to talk,注意: allow/ permit /advise sb to do allow/ permit /advise doing,We dont allow smoking here We dont allow anybody to smoke here,注意: need/ require/want(需要)doing = need/ require/want to be done 窗户需要清洗。 The window needsrequireswants cleaningto be cleaned,注意：-ing form的否定形式,not + v-ing,事先没让你知道，我必须为此向你道歉。 I must apologize for _ ahead of time.,我没去那儿,对不起。 Im sorry for _,not being there.,not letting you know,注意: -ing 的被动形式,这只松鼠很幸运地没被抓到。 This squirrel was lucky that it just missed,being caught.,这台机器在使用前必须要检查一下。 Before ，the machine must be checked.,being used,being +过去分词,注意：-ing的复合结构 名词所有格/形容词性物主代词+-ing 我姐姐病了，使我很担心。 My sisters being ill made me worried. 你介意我抽烟吗？ Do you mind my smoking?,Exercises 1. Keep on _ and you will succeed. A. a try B. try C. to try D. trying 2. His parents insist on _ to college. A. he should go B. he go C. his going D. him to go,3. The story was so funny that we _. A. cant help laughing B. cant but laugh C. couldnt help laughing D. couldnt help but to laugh,4 .Your clothes need _ A. washed B. to be washed C. to wash D. being washed,5. He attended the party without_. A. invited B. inviting C. having invited D. being invited,6. Mike has got used _ up late at night. A. to stay up B. stay up C. to staying up D. staying up,7. Remember_ the newspaper when you have finished it. A. putting back B. put back C. to put back D. be put back,8. _ provides us with essential nutrients (营养), while _ provides us with oxygen. A. To eat; breathing B. Eating; to breathe C. Eating; breathing D. Eaten; breathed,Summary,-ing 作主语,1直接置于句首 2 . 用形式主语 it,-ing作宾语,1-ing作动词宾语 2. -ing 作介词宾语,3. -ing与不定式的比较,4. 可接动名词又可接不定式作宾语的动词,注意：-ing 的否定形式 -ing 的被动形式 -ing的复合结构,