第四单元检测(时间:90分钟满分:120分)第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共12小题;每小题2.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。AYou might think that “global warming” means nothing more than a rise in the worlds temperature.But rising sea levels caused by it have resulted in the first evacuation(撤离) of an island nationthe citizens of Tuvalu will have to leave their homeland.During the 20th century,sea level rose 8-12 inches.As a result,Tuvalu has experienced lowland flooding of salt water that has polluted the countrys drinking water.Paani Laupepa,a Tuvaluan government official,reported to the Earth Policy Institute that the nation suffered an unusually high number of fierce storms in the past ten years.Many scientists connect higher surface water temperatures resulting from global warming to greater and more damaging storms.Laupepa expressed dissatisfaction with the United States for refusing to sign the Kyoto Protocol,an international agreement calling for industrialized nations to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions(温室气体的排放),which are a main cause of global warming.“By refusing to sign the agreement,the US has effectively taken away the freedom of future generations of Tuvaluans to live where their forefathers have lived for thousands of years,” Laupepa told the BBC.Tuvalu has asked Australia and New Zealand to allow the gradual move of its people to both countries.Tuvalu is not the only country that is vulnerable(易受影响的)to rising sea levels.Maumoon Gayoon,president of the Maldives,told the United Nations that global warming has made his country of 311,000 people an “endangered nation”.1The passage is mainly about.A.rapid changes in the earths temperatureB.bad effects of global warmingC.moving of a country to a new placeD.reasons for lowland flooding答案:B解析:主旨大意题。这篇短文主要讲述了全球变暖造成的恶劣影响。2According to scientists,the DIRECT cause of more and fiercer storms is.A.greenhouse gas emissions in industrialized nationsB.higher surface water temperatures of the seaC.continuous global warmingD.rising sea levels答案:B解析:推理判断题。根据第三段中“Manyscientistsconnecthighersurfacewatertemperaturesresultingfromglobalwarmingtogreaterandmoredamagingstorms.”可判断出造成严重的暴风雨的直接原因是海洋表面水温太高。3Laupepa was not satisfied with the United States because it did not.A.agree to reduce its greenhouse gas emissionsB.sign an agreement with TuvaluC.allow Tuvaluans to move to the USD.believe the problems facing Tuvalu were real答案:A解析:细节理解题。由第四段第一句话可知劳佩帕(Laupepa)对美国不满是因为美国拒绝签署减少温室气体排放的公约。4The country whose situation is similar to that of Tuvalu is.A.AustraliaB.New ZealandC.the MaldivesD.the United States答案:C解析:细节理解题。根据最后一段可判断出马尔代夫(theMaldives)与图瓦卢(Tuvalu)的情况相似。BBoiler rooms are often dirty and steamy,but this one is clean and cool.Fox Point is a very new 47-unit living building in South Bronx,one of the citys poorest areas.Two-thirds of the people living there are formerly (以前) homeless people,whose rent is paid by the government.The rest are low-income families.The boiler room has special equipment,which produces energy for electricity and heat.It reuses heat that would otherwise be lost to the air,reducing carbon emissions(碳排放) while also cutting costs.Fox Point is operated by Palladia,a group that specializes in providing housing and services to needy people.Palladia received support from Enterprise Community Partners (ECP),which helps build affordable housing by providing support to housing developers.ECP has created national standards for healthy,environmentally clever and affordable homes which are called the Green Communities Standards.These standards include water keeping,energy saving and the use of environmentally friendly building materials.Meeting the standards increases housing construction costs by 2%,which is rapidly paid back by lower running costs.Even the positioning of a window to get most daylight can help save energy.Michael Bloomberg,New Yorks mayor,plans to create 165,000 affordable housing units for 500,000 New Yorkers.Almost 80% of New York Citys greenhouse-gas emissions come from buildings,and 40% of those are caused by housing.So he recently announced that the citys Department of Housing and Preservation and Development (DHPD),whose duty is to develop and keep the citys supply of affordable housing,will require all its new projects to follow ECPs green standards.Similar measures have been taken by other cities,such as Cleveland and Denver,but New Yorks DHPD is the largest city developer of affordable housing in the country.5What is the purpose of describing the boiler room in the first paragraph?A.To explain the measures the city takes to care for poor people.B.To suggest that affordable housing is possible in all areas.C.To show how the environment-friendly building works.D.To compare old and new boiler rooms.答案:C解析:推理判断题。由“.whoserentispaidbythegovernment.whichproducesenergyforelectricityandheat.Itreusesheat.”可知,本段主