Unit 2 Cloning Section Warming Up &；Reading-Language Points一、这样记单词记得准写得对记得快记得多.基础词汇 1.commercialadj.商业的；贸易的2.straightforwardadj. 简单的；直接的；坦率的3.breakthroughn. 突破4.proceduren. 程序；步骤；手续5.castvt. 扔；投；掷6.altogetheradv. 总共；完全地7.obtainvt. 获得；赢得8.attainvt.获得；到达(水平、年龄、状况等).拓展词汇1.differvi.不同；相异different adj.不同的；与众不同的difference n差异；区别differently adv.不同地2.undertakevt.着手；从事；承担undertook (过去式)undertaken (过去分词)3.correctionn改正；修正；纠正correct vt.改正；纠正4.objectvi.不赞成；反对objection n不赞成；反对；异议5.mediumn媒介；手段；工具media (复数)6.forbidvt.禁止；不准；阻止；妨碍forbade/forbad(过去式)forbidden(过去分词)7.accumulatevt. &vi.积累；聚积accumulation n积累1.“承担”种种undertake duty承担义务undertake job 承担工作undertake mission 承担使命undertake task 承担任务undertake a post 担任职务2.巧记合成名词break throughbreakthrough n. 突破break outoutbreak n. 爆发break downbreakdown n. 故障；(关系)破裂fall downdownfall n. 垮台put outoutput n. 产量；输出get togethergettogether n. 聚会3.altogether adv.总共；完全地同义entirely, wholly, totally, completely, thoroughly, all反义partially, partly4.表示“量”的增减的相关动词小结accumulate vt. &vi. 积累；聚积increase vt. &vi. 增长；增加；提高enlarge vt. &vi. 扩大；放大expand vt. &vi. 扩大；膨胀shrink vt. &vi. 收缩；缩小reduce vt. &vi. 减少二、这样记短语记牢固定短语多积常用词块1.to_be_exact 确切地说2.pay_off得到好结果；取得成功；偿清3.cast_down 使沮丧；使失望4.be_appropriate_to_sth. 适合于的5.on_the_other_hand 另一方面6.object_to 反对；不赞成7.have_a_great_impact_on 对有重大影响8.in_favour_of 赞成；支持1.growing plants生长着的植物2.natural clones 自然克隆3.new plant species 新植物物种4.the disturbing news 令人不安的消息5.become seriously ill 患重病6.cloned animals 克隆动物7.raise a storm of objections 引起了一阵强烈的反对8.opened everybodys eyes 打开了人们的眼界三、这样记句式先背熟再悟通后仿用1.Cloning plants is straightforward while cloning animals is very complicated.克隆植物简单，但克隆动物就非常复杂了。并列连词while意为“却；而；然而”，表示对比。Most of my classmates wanted to go to a park while_I_had_an_idea_of_going_to_a_nicer_place.(2015浙江高考书面表达)我的大部分同学都想去公园，而我想去一个更好的地方。2.Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。then位于句首引起完全倒装；that引导同位语从句。Then_came_the_exciting_news_that our team won the game.然后传来了令人兴奋的消息，我们队赢得了比赛。3.Although at present human egg cells and embryos needed for cloning research are difficult to obtain, newspapers wrote of evil leaders hoping to clone themselves to attain their ambitions.尽管目前供克隆研究的人类卵细胞和胚胎很难获得，报纸上报道说，有些邪恶的头目希望把自己克隆出来以实现他们的野心。在“主语be某些形容词不定式”结构中常用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。A man who is so difficult to please must_be_hard_to_work_with.一个很难取悦的人一定很难与之共事。4.However, scientists still wonderwhether cloning will help or harm us and where it is leading us.然而，科学家们仍对克隆技术有助于人类还是有害于人类，以及克隆技术将把我们引向何方感到困惑。wonder whether/if .“想知道”。I am wondering_if you could tell me more about this activity.(2015重庆满分作文)我想知道你是否能告诉我有关这项活动更多的信息。1(教材P10)Think about how they differ.想一想他们如何不同。differ vi.不同；相异(1)differ from (be different from)与不同differ in (be different in) 在方面不同differ with sb. on/about/over sth.与某人在某事上意见不同(2)different adj. 不同的；有差别的difference n. 区别；差异make a difference (to .) 对有作用或影响；对重要make no difference (to .) 对没有影响tell the difference between A and B指出A与B的不同She differs from her sister in the colour of her eyes.她眼睛的颜色与姐姐的不同。We differ with each other about the standard.我们之间关于这个标准有不同的看法。We know of different (differ) cultures by learning English.通过学习英语，我们理解了不同的文化。It makes_no_difference_to me what you say.你说的话对我没有影响。2(教材P11)But at last the determination and patience of the scientists paid off in 1996 with a breakthrough the cloning of Dolly the sheep. 但是决心和耐心使科学家们最终于1996年收获了突破性的结果克隆羊“多莉”。pay off 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清pay for sth.付某物的钱；为某事物付出代价pay sb. for sth. 因某事物给某人报酬pay back 偿还(欠款)；报复；回报I also hope that the great effort I am making will pay off.我也希望我的努力能得到回报。Loss of health is too high a price to pay for success.为了成功而搞坏身体，代价太高了。That I can pay back the help people give me makes me happy.能够回报人们给我的帮助让我感到很开心。3(教材P12)Altogether Dolly lived six and a half years, half the length of the life of the original sheep.多莉总共存活了六年半，这是它的原型羊寿命的一半。altogether (1)adv.总共(表示总数或总额，多修饰数词)You owe me D|S68 altogether.你一共欠我68美元。(2)adv.完全地，全部地(相当于completely)The train went slower and slower until it stopped altogether.火车越来越慢，最后完全停了。(3)总而言之(常作插入语)The food was good and we loved the music. Altogether it was a great evening.食物不错，音乐我们也喜欢。总之，那天晚上我们过得很愉快。名师点津all together是副词短语，意为“全体一起”。All_together now sing: “Happy birthday to you .”现在大家一起唱：“祝你生日快乐”4(教材P12)On the other hand，Dollys appearance raised a storm of objections and had a great impact on the media and public imagination.另一方面，多莉的出现引起了一阵强烈的反对，对媒体和公众的想象力也产生了极大的影响。objection n不赞成；反对；异议(1)have an objection to (doing) sth.反对(做)某事have no objection 不反对；赞成raise/make